OL Georgia & the American Revolution

Battle of Kettle Creek

Revolutionary War battle in Georgia where Patriot forces defeated Loyalists; (1) boosted morale (2) convinced more Georgians to become Patriots (3) Patriots gained needed war supplies

Declaration of Independence

Document that includes a PREAMBLE, and a list of 27 GRIEVANCES against the king; and DECLARES independence from Great Britain

Loyalists

Colonists who wanted to remain part of Great Britain

Patriots

Colonists who wanted to become independent from Great Britain

Proclamation of 1763

Issued by King George III after the French and Indian War; forbade the colonists from settling on newly acquired land west of the Appalachian Mountains; angered the colonists

Siege of Savannah

A failed attempt by the French and Patriot Americans to recapture Savannah from the British

Stamp Act

A tax established by the British government to help repay the cost of the French and Indian War; first direct tax; tax on all paper items

Articles of Confederation

The United States' first attempt at a national government; created a very weak central government (scared of tyranny)

Lyman Hall, George Walton, Button Gwinnett

These Georgians signed the Declaration of Independence; each has a county named for him

Elijah Clarke

Patriot leader for the Georgia militia during the Revolution; led troops at Battle of Kettle Creek

Nancy Hart

Female Georgia patriot who captured and killed a group of Loyalists during the Revolution; only woman to have a Georgia county named in her honor

Austin Dabney

African American soldier wounded in the Battle of Kettle Creek; later granted freedom and land for his bravery in battle

Birthright privilege

a right earned at birth; one of the the colonists' birthright privileges was violated when they were taxed without having representation in Britain's Parliament

French and Indian War

a war in North America between France and Britain over control of the Ohio River Valley (fear and greed); resulted in massive war debt for England

Why were Georgians overall more loyal to England?

1. Many born in England (or parents were) = still felt "British"
2. As the youngest colony, Georgia still relied heavily on England for economic and military support

Separation of Powers

Helps the Constitution guard against tyranny by spreading out power among three branches of government
*executive branch = enforce laws
*legislative branch = create laws
*judicial branch = interpret laws bran

Federalism

Helps the Constitution guard against tyranny by dividing power among three levels of government:
*national government
*state governments
*local governments

Direct Tax

Colonists paid the tax separately from the product; obvious tax; the Stamp Act was this type of tax

Indirect Tax

Colonists paid the tax with the product; hidden tax

Fear and Greed

The two causes of the French and Indian War

What valuable resource did the Ohio River Valley have?

Animal pelts

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

*Could not collect taxes

*Had no leader/president

*2/3 of the states had to agree for a law to be passed

*ALL states had to agree in order to change/amend the government

*AND MORE!!

PURPOSE of the Declaration of Independence

For the colonies to officially “break up” with Great Britain and become their own country

PURPOSE of the Articles of Confederation

For the newly independent United States to create its own government

PURPOSE of the U.S. Constitution

For the Founding Fathers to create a stronger government for the United States but still protect the people from tyranny