Adult 1: Chapter 15

CRBSI

catheter related bloodstream infection

CLABSI

central line associated bloodstream infection

compartment syndrome

increased tissue pressure in a confined anatomic space, causes decreased blood flow to the area, leading to hypoxia and pain

extravasation

fluid escapes into the subq

hypodermoclysis

slow infusion of isotonic fluids into the subq for slow and steady rehydration

VAD

vascular access device

intraartirial infusion therapy

placement of catheters into the arteries to obtain repeated arterial blood samples, monitor various hemodynamic pressures continuously, and infuse chemotherapy agents or fibrinolytics

intraosseous therapy

(IO) allows access to the bone

intraperitoneal therapy

(IP) administration of chemotherapy agents into the peritoneal cavity

midline catheter

a VAD that is 3-8 inches long, and inserted through larger peripheral veins in the mid or upper arm

nontunneled central venous catheter

(CVC) multilumen VAD inserted percutaneously through the subclavian or jugular vein

peripherally inserted central catheter

(PICC) a long catheter inserted through a vein of the antecubital fossa (inside the elbow) or middle upper arm

phlebitis

inflammmation of a vein that can predispose pt to thrombosis

secondary administration set (piggyback)

a short tubing set attached to the primary administration set and is used to deliver intermittent IV meds

short peripheral IV catheter

a VAD composed of a plastic cannula, built around a sharp stylet for venipuncture, that extends slightly beyond the cannula and is advanced into the vein

syringe pumps

uses a battery powered piston to push the plunger continuously at a selected rate; limited to small volume or intermittent infusions

thrombosis

formation of a blood clot within a vessel

tunneled central venous catheter

surgically implanted VAD used for long term infusion therapy in which the catheter lies in a subq tunnel, separating the point where the catheter enters the vein from where it enters the skin

vesicant medications

cause severe tissue damage if they leak into the subq, aka vesicants

what is the Huber needle used for?

chemo ports

chemo ports must be flushed how often?

every 6 weeks

PPN, less than 10%

go through midline

TPN, greater than 10%

go through central line

what type of pt should not be given hypotonic solutions?

head injury pt

what type of pt should not be given hypertonic solutions?

diabetic pt

no pump formula

volume (mL)/time (min) x gtt

pump formula

volume (mL)/time (hr)