a scalar quantity that includes speed and direction
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acceleration
the change in velocity per unit of time
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instantaneous speed
the speed at that instant
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\-9.8 m/s^2
when objects are free falling what is the acceleration?
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straight down
what is the direction of acceleration of falling objects?
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speed up
do objects in free fall speed up or slow down as they fall?
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no because the speed is always changing because of gravity
is an object that is free falling have a constant speed?
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zero
at the top of an objects path, the speed at the top is ____?
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velocity
what is the slope of a displacement time graph?
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acceleration
what is the slop of a velocity-time graph?
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displacement
what is the area under a velocity-time graph?
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velocity
what is the area under an acceleration time graph?
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independent
vertical and horizontal velocities are completely ______ of each other?
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45 degrees
the maximum range when an object is projected at is ___?
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same; slow; speed
if an object is projected at an angle the horizontal velocity is the __for the entire trip and the vertical velocity will __*as it* goes up and __up as it goes down.
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inertia
an object will remain its present state of motion unless an outside force acts on it.
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mass
the measure of inertia
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newtons 2nd law
force causes acceleration
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pairs
forces always come in ___?
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newtons 3rd law
for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction
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force
objects of different mass will have different weights so there is a different ___ acting on each.
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more
if you are in an elevator accelerating upward you would appear to weigh ___?
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less
if you are in an elevator accelerating downward you would appear to weigh ___?
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the same
if you are in an elevator moving at a constant speed you would appear to weigh ___?
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weightless
if you are in an elevator at free fall you would appear to be ___?
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frictional force
always in the opposite direction of the motion
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normal force
always perpendicular to the surface
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linear speed
the distance traveled per unit of time
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angular speed
the angle traveled through per unit of time
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tangential (linear) speed
velocity of an object in circular motion is always tangent to the circular path
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centripetal force
to maintain circular motion there must be a ___ directed toward the center of the path.
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speed; velocity
constant _ is possible during circular motion but constant _ is not possible because the direction is constantly changing which means the object is accelerating.
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universal law of gravitation
there is an attractive force between all objects proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This means as the masses increase the force increase by the same factor and if the distance increases the force will decrease by the square of that factor of distance increase.
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joule
what are the units for work and energy?
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work
the force on an object times its displacement
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watts
what is power measured in?
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power
the work done per unit of time
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gravitational potential energy
the energy an object has due to its distance above the ground
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elastic potential energy
the energy due to the compression or elongation of a spring
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kinetic energy
the energy due to the objects speed
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kinetic energy
gravitational potential energy can be converted to ___ and vice versa.
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work
___ can be done to produce a change in kinetic energy.
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momentum
mass times velocity
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change in momentum
mass times the change in velocity
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momentum
____ is always conserved in collisions.
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elastic collision
a collision in which both the momentum and kinetic energy is conserved like billiard balls
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perfectly inelastic collision
collision in which momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not and the objects stick and move together after the collision
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torque
force times the radius of the lever arm
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perpendicular; force
to get maximum torque increase the radius of the lever arm, apply force _ to the lever arm, and increase the _?
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wave
carries energy from one place to another
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period
time to complete one cycle
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wavelength
the distance from one wave crest to the other
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frequency
the amount of wave fronts or beats per second
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amplitude
height of the wave
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the doppler effect
apparent change in frequency due to the speed or source of the observer
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medium
sound waves require a __ to travel through
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frequency
beats can be heard when two tuning forks have almost the same __ and are sounded together
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