Ch 10 Lesson 4: Acids, Bases, and Salts

IP5/9

Which acid makes lemon juice taste sour?

citric acid

What taste do acids usually have?

a sour flavor

What color does blue litmus paper turn in an acid?

red

When acids react with metals what gas is produced?

hydrogen gas

What element is found in all acids?

hydrogen

In water what ion do acids release?

H+

What is an ion?

a particle that has gained or lost electrons and has a charge

What ion forms when H+ joins with a water molecule?

hydronium ion

What is the formula for a hydronium ion?

H3O+

Which acid is in the human stomach to help digest food?

hydrochloric acid

What taste do bases usually have?

bitter

How do bases usually feel to the touch?

slippery

What color does red litmus paper turn in a base?

blue

Base compounds often include which two elements together?

oxygen and hydrogen

In water what ions do bases produce?

hydroxide ions

What is the formula for a hydroxide ion?

OH-

What type of charge does OH- have?

negative charge

What is one common example of a base found in drain products?

drain cleaner

Which base is used to make fertilizers?

ammonia

What is sodium hydroxide also known as?

lye

What can strong bases do to hair or food stuck in a drain?

dissolve them

What is an indicator?

a substance that changes color to show if something is an acid or a base

Litmus dye is made from what organisms?

lichens

What is the purpose of a universal indicator?

to show the strength of an acid or base by changing colors

What does acidity measure?

how strong an acid is

What does alkalinity measure?

how strong a base is

Who created the pH scale in 1909?

SPL Sorenson

What do the letters pH stand for?

potential for hydrogen

What pH value means a solution is neutral?

7

What is neutralization?

a reaction where an acid and a base form salt and water