The other treaties 

The Treaty of St. Germain, september 1919 - Austria

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• Disarmament - troops were limited to 30,000 men. There was to be no conscription and there was no navy.
• Reparations - reparations were agreed upon, but they were never set as Austria was bankrupted after the war.
• Loss of territory - the Austria-Hungary empire was to be broken up and Anschluss was forbidden.

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New countries created from their land:

• Romania

• Czechoslovakia

• Poland

• Yugoslavia

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Austria suffered severe economic problems after the war as much of it’s industry had gone to Czechoslovakia and other successor states. The markets they sold to and brought from had been in one empire before 1914 but in 1919, were now different countries.

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The Treaty of Trianon, june 1920 - Hungary

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• Disarmament - troops were limited to 35,000 men. There was to be no conscription and only 3 patrol boats were allowed.
• Reparations - reparations were set at 200 million gold crowns
• Loss of territory - fiume to Italy

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New countries created from their land:

• Czechoslovakia
• Yugoslavia
• Romania

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Hungary lost substantial amounts of its territory and population (3 million Hungarians ended up in other states). It’s industry suffered from the loss of population and raw materials. It was due to pay reparations but it’s economy was so weak, it never did.

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The Treaty of Neuilly, november 1919 - Bulgaria

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• Disarement - troops were limited to 20,000 men. There was to be no conscription and only 4 torpedo boats were allowed. There was to be no airforce.
• Reparations - reparations were set at 100 million EUR.
• Loss of territory - territory was lost to Greece, Romania and Yugoslavia

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There were no new countries created from their land.

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Bulgaria lost it’s access to the Mediterranean. Bulgaria had played a relatively small part in the war and was treated less harshly than the allies - nethertheless, many Bulgarians were governed by foreign powers by 1920.

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The Treaty of Sevres, august 1920 - Turkey

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• Disarmament - army restricted to 50,000 men. Only 6 torpedo boats were allowed and no airforce .
• Reparations - no reparations were imposed as the allies did not believe Turkey would be able to pay them. However, the allies did take control of Turkeys finances.
• Loss of territory - Smyrna and east Thrace were given to Greece and Rhodes was given to Italy.

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New countries created from their land

• Syria
• Iraq
• Palestine
• Kurdistan
• Armenia

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As well as losing a substantial amount of territory, parts of Turkey were defined as zones of influence , controlled by the British, French or Italians. Turkeys tax system, finances and budget were controlled by the allies. The turks were humiliated and angered by the treaty as they had long been a proud, great empire.

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The Treaty of Lausanne, 1923 - Turkey (again)

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The main points of the treaty were the following:

• Turkey confirmed the loss of it’s provinces in the middle east.
• Turkey received back most of its European territory.
• The dardanelles strait was to return to Turkish sovereignty
• Restrictions on armed forces were removed
• Turkey was no longer to pay reparations

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Eventually the changes that the Turks had brought about were recognised in the treaty of Lausanne. Smyrna, Anatolia and parts of Thrace became Turkish lands. Turkey’s borders were fixed more or less as they are today.

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