Ochem W.1 - Molecular Orbital Theory

These flashcards cover key concepts from molecular orbital theory, including bond order calculations, the roles of HOMO and LUMO, and orbital hybridization.

How is bond order calculated in molecular orbital theory?

Bond order is calculated using the formula: (bonding electrons - anti-bonding electrons) / 2.

What is the bond order for H2 given 2 bonding electrons and 0 anti-bonding electrons?

The bond order for H2 is 1.

What does HOMO stand for in molecular orbital theory?

HOMO stands for Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

What does LUMO stand for in molecular orbital theory?

LUMO stands for Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

What happens during a nucleophilic attack in terms of LUMO?

The LUMO receives electrons during nucleophilic attack.

Why does attacking an anti-bonding orbital break a bond?

Attacking an anti-bonding orbital breaks the bond due to destructive interference.

In terms of chemical reactivity, where do electrons from HOMO go?

Electrons from HOMO are used for attacking other molecules.

What type of bonds do sp3 orbitals form?

Sp3 orbitals form sigma bonds with other sp3 orbitals.

What occurs when 2s and 2p orbitals combine in phase?

When 2s and 2p orbitals combine in phase, they form bonds.