GAD arises when people stop looking at themselves honestly and acceptingly
Client-centered therapy is basically placebo therapy
Agoraphobia: Fear of being in public places or situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable
Twice as common among women, twice as common among poor ppl
Intensity fluctuates
May also have panic disorder
Support-Group Approach: A small number of ppl with agoraphobia go out together for exposure sessions
Home-based Self-help Programs: Clinicians give clients and their families detailed instructions for carrying out exposure treatments themselves
Social Anxiety Disorder: A severe and persistent fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment may occur
Can interfere greatly with one’s life
Panic Disorder: An anxiety disorder marked by recurrent and unpredictable panic attacks
Panic Attacks: Periodic, short bouts of panic that occur suddenly, reach a peak within minutes, and gradually pass
⅓ of ppl have one or more panic attacks at some point in their lives
Often accompanied by agoraphobia
Panic disorder might be caused by abnormal norepinephrine activity
Locus Coeruleus: A small area of the brain that seems to be active in the regulation of emotions
Panic reactions are produced by a brain circuit
The panic circuit tends to be hyperactive in people who suffer from panic disorder
Panic circuit seems to be more extensive than the fear circuit - panic responses are more complex reactions than fear responses
A predisposition to hyperactive panic circuits may be inherited
Antidepressants are used