Earthquake and volcanic eruptions

What causes earthquakes?

The sudden breaking of underground rocks along a fault.

What is the effect of earthquakes on the ground?

Shaking of the ground.

What is the hypocenter?

The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts.

What is the epicenter?

The location directly above the surface of the earth where the earthquake is felt most strongly.

What measures the energy released at the source of an earthquake?

Magnitude.

What is the Richter Magnitude Scale used for?

To measure the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake.

What may result from broken gas pipes during an earthquake?

Fire.

What are landslides?

Loose rocks and soil falling from the mountain.

What is one beneficial effect of volcanic eruptions?

Fertile soil.

What is a harmful effect of volcanic eruptions?

Damage to plants, animals, people, and property.

What is liquefaction?

Ground failure that causes solid soil to behave like a liquid due to ground shaking.

What is a possible effect of volcanic ash on air?

Air pollution.

What does intensity measure in relation to earthquakes?

The strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a specific location.

What happens to living things in an area when a volcano erupts?

They may lose their habitat.

What are tsunamis?

High sea waves generated by seismic waves from an earthquake.

What is deformation of the ground surface?

Rise and sinking of ground due to seismic activity.