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Dynamic equilibrium
in a closed system where the rate of the forwards reaction is equal to the backwards reaction so that the concentrations of reactants and products appears to remain constant (NOT the same)
Le Chatelier’s Principle
In a system at equilbrium, the position of equilibrium will shift to oppose any change applied to the system
Kc =
Products/Reactants to the power of their coefficients
Bronsted-Lowry acid
a proton donor
Bronsted-Lowry base
a proton acceptor
pH =
-log[H+(aq)]
Strong acid
fully dissociates
Weak acid
partially dissociates
Methyl orange colours
Acid = pink, Alkali = yellow
Thymolphthalein colours
Acid = colourless, Alkali = blue
Phenolphthalein colours
Acid = colourless, Alkali = pink
Litmus colours
Acid = red, Alkali = blue