APUSH Ch 7

APUSH Ch 7 Vocab

Cane Ridge

Kentucky site of the 1801 religious revival that lasted a number of days with thousands of attendees. Related to the second great awakening.

Capitalist

Owner of material or financial assets useful for the accumulation of additional wealth

deism

The belief that God created but does not actively control the universe.

Eli Whitney

American inventor best known for developing the cotton gin.

embargo

A ban on trade with another country, especially the refusal to allow foreign ships to unload goods at port. Made on Britain and France when they were fighting over dominance in America.

Handsome Lake

Seneca native and revivalist of the Second Great Awakening who called for a return to native traditions among the Iroquois. Inspired many scattered Iroquois communities to push back against destructive customes derived from white society.

Hartford Convention

Meeting of New Englanders, many of them Federalists, that denounced the War of 1812; they had just adjourned when news of Jackson’s victory in New Orleans and the peace treaty became known.

impressment

The act of forcing people to serve in a navy or other military operation; the term is most commonly used in connection with the actions of British fleets against American sailors in the early 1800s.

Industrial Revolution

The transformation of the economy from manual to mechanized forms of production; started in Britain in the eighteenth century and later spread to other places, including in the United States in the nineteenth century.

John Marshall

Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court for over thirty years and a Federalist, Marshall most famously rendered the opinion in Marbury v. Madison (established judicial review).

Judith Sargent Murray

Essayist of the early republic who argued for a larger role for women in the new country (republican mother).

Lewis and Clark

On the direction of President Jefferson, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led an expedition from Missouri to the Pacific in order to gather information on the lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase.

Marbury v. Madison

Important decision of the United States Supreme Court that established the court’s authority over the constitutionality of laws (judicial review). *John Marshall

Noah Webster

Author, teacher, and promoter of the new American nation, best known for his dictionaries and spellers that helped standardize the American language. Argued that the American schoolboy should be educated as a nationalist and be able to rehearse the history of America as soon as the boy could speak.

Robert Fulton

American inventor of the first commercially successful steamboat, the Clermont.

secession

The act of asserting independence by withdrawing membership from a political state; it refers in particular to the South’s departure from the United States in 1861

Second Great Awakening

A wave of Protestant revival in the early 1800s signified by large congregations and dynamic sermons.

Tecumseh

The chief of the Shawnees who worked to unite native peoples against the threat of white expansion; died fighting for Britain in the War of 1812.

the Prophet aka Tenskwatawa

The shawnee prophet was a charismatic speaker, leader, and younger brother of Tecumseh; the Battle of Tippecanoe disillusioned many of his followers.

War Hawks

Term given to a group of congressmen who argued for war with Britain in 1812.

Washington Irving

Successful author in the early 1800s of historical works and short stories including “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.”

Washington D.C.

Founded in 1790 by George Washington. The capital of the United States designed by French engineer Pierre L’Efant; took many years to develop into a major city.

William Henry Harrison

Ninth president of the United States who died shortly after taking office; experienced veteran of combat against Native Americans at early age and later governor of Indiana Territory; defeated Tecumseh at the Battle of Tippencanoe.