bones and bone tissue

In hyaline cartilage, the cells that produce

new matrix are called this:

a. chondroblast

b. osteocyte

c. chondrocyte

d. osteoblast

a

Chondrocytes receive nutrients in this

manner:

a. directly from blood vessels

b. from the lacuna

c. diffusion through matrix

d. from the inner layer of

perichondrium

c

The flexible strength of bone is attributed

to this:

a. hydroxyapatite

b. collagen fibers

c. ligaments

d. perichondrium

b

Osteochondral progenitor cell give rise to

these:

a. osteoblasts

b. chondroblasts

c. osteoclasts

d. both a and b

e. both a and c

d

Nutrients travel to osteocytes in this order:

1. blood vessels in the medullary cavity

2. central canal

3. canaliculi

4. perforating (Volkmann’s) canals

5. cytoplasm of the osteocytes

True/False

False

Endochondral ossification begins at this

time:

a. during fetal development

b. during puberty

c. adulthood

d. around age 50

a

Bones produced by intramembranous or

endochondral ossification are

indistinguishable because both initially

produce woven bone which is then

remodeled.

True/False

True

This can be said of intramembranous

ossification:

a. it forms the frontal and parietal bones

b. fontanels are found between skull bones

c. osteoblasts lay down matrix around

collagen fibers

d. all of these

d

In this zone of the epiphyseal plate, new

cartilage is produced as the chondrocytes

divide and form stacks of cells:

a. resting cartilage

b. proliferation

c. hypertrophy

d. calcification

b

Growth in bone width occurs in this order:

1. osteoblasts lay down bone to form

ridges with grooves in between

2. grooves are changed into tunnels

3. concentric lamellae are made

4. an osteon is produced.

True/False

True

When a fracture is healing, these cells

move into the fracture site and tear down

the damaged bone:

a. osteoblasts

b. osteoclasts

c. osteocytes

d. chondrocytes

b

Bone remodeling is involved in this:

a. bone growth

b. changes in bone shape

c. calcium regulation isn the body

d. bone repair

e. all of these

e

The definition of bone remodeling is the

construction of bone around blood vessels

forming an osteon.

True/False

False

This process of bone repair requires the

longest amount of time:

a. hematoma formation

b. internal callus formation

c. bone remodeling

d. callus ossification

c

If a fracture occurs in the diaphysis of a

long bone, the structure that forms

between the ends of the bone as well as

the medullary cavity is called this:

a. hematoma

b. internal callus

c. external callus

d. granulation tissue

b

These kinds of fractures are complete

fractures in which the bone breaks into

multiple pieces:L

a. spiral

b. impacted

c. comminuted

d. hairline

c

This kind of tissue has many small spaces,

is found mainly in the epiphysis, and is

arranged into trabeculae:

a. compact bone

b. cancellous (spongy) bone

c. articular cartilage

d. endosteum

b

This hormone, which is secreted by the

anterior pituitary, increases bone growth

by stimulating interstitial cartilage growth

and appositional bone growth:

a. growth

b. thyroid

c. estrogen

d. cortisone

a

Vitamin C deficiency causes this disorder

which is characterized by ulcerations,

hemorrhage and poor wound healing:

a. rickets

b. osteomalacia

c. osteoporosis

d. scurvy

d

This hormone stimulates an increased

number of osteoclasts which increases

blood calcium levels:

a. parathyroid (PTH)

b. calcitonin

c. thyroid

d. growth

a

These are all bone shapes except:

a. long bone

b. irregular bone

c. regular bone

d. short bone

e. flat bone

c

These bones are classified as irregular:

a. vertebrae and sphenoid

b. scapula and sternum

c. tibia and fibula

d. carpals and tarsals

a

The growing zone of a bone is known as

this:

a. articular cartilage

b. diaphysis

c. epiphyseal line

d. epiphyseal plate

d

This best describes the function of red

bone marrow:

a. stores adipose

b. produces blood cells

c. stores osteocytes

d. produces articular cartilage

b

This structure covers the outer surface of

bones and serves as an attachment site

for tendons and ligaments:

a. endosteum

b. lamellae

c. periosteum

d. perichondrium

c

These kind of bones can contain air filled

sinuses which are lined with mucous

membranes:

a. irregular

b. short

c. long

d. flat

e. a & d

e