Genetics Exam FINAL

DNA synthesis is also known as:

Replication

RNA Synthesis is also known as:

Transcription

Protein synthesis is also known as:

Translation

The site/signal for initiation of DNA synthesis:

Origin

The site/signal for initiation of RNA synthesis:

Promoter

The site/signal for initiation of Protein synthesis:

Ribosome binding site (RBS)

The protein synthesis is terminated:

At the UAA codon

RNA synthesis is often terminated:

Before a stem-loop structure

The direction of DNA and RNA synthesis is:

From 5' to 3'

The direction of protein synthesis is:

Amino terminus to Carboxyl terminus

“AGGAGG”

Consensus Shine-Delgarno sequence (part of RBS)

“AUG”

Methionine or start codon

“UAA”

Stop codon

“UAG”

Stop codon

“TATATT”

Consensus - -10 region of E.coli sigma 70 promoter

In an aminoacyl-tRNA the link between the amino acid and the tRNA is best described as an:

Ester bond

In an aminoacyl-tRNA the link between is the amino acid and the tRNA often occurs between:

COOH terminus of amino acid and 3’ end of tRNA

DNA from Leu+ bacteria is mixed with leu-bacteria. The bacteria are then plated on minimal media (with no Leucine).

Selection

Mutagenized bacteria are plated on rich media and then replica-plated to minimal media. Colonies that grow on rich media, but not on minimal media, are picked.

Screen

Phage are irradiated with UV light

Mutagenesis

Original DNA sequence: a b c d e f g

Classify the following arrangement:

a b c l m d e f g

Insertion

Original DNA sequence: a b c d e f g

Classify the following arrangement:

a b c d e c d e f g

Duplication

Original DNA sequence: a b c d e f g

Classify the following arrangement:

a b c f g

Deletion

Original DNA sequence: a b c d e f g

Classify the following arrangement:

a b e’ d’ c’ f g

Inversion

The change of A to G is:

A transition

The change of A to C is:

A transversion

A substitution of Leucine for Valine in the protein product:

a missense mutation

An alteration of an Arginine codon for a stop codon:

a nonsense mutation

The alteration of an Alanine codon for another Alanine codon:

A silent mutation

Could be caused by a two base-pair insertion:

Frameshift mutation

The genetic makeup of an organism:

Genotype

The physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism:

Phenotype

Applies, typically, to a gamete:

Haploid

Applies, typically, to a zygote, an embryo or an adult:

Diploid

Applies to the bacterium with a duplication:

Diploid

Might be used to construct a genetic map:

Recombination test

Might be used to determine whether two mutations affected the same gene:

Complementation test

Might be used to increase the frequency of mutations:

Mutagen

Might be used to isolate rare mutants from a larger population:

Selection

Might be used to characterize a single mutation:

Test of dominance (aka complementation by wildtype)

How F plasmid moves horizontally from cell to cell:

Conjugation

How bacteriophage P1 moves horizontally from cell to cell:

Transduction

Involves naked DNA:

Transformation or natural transformation

Involves a protein tube or “sex pilus”:

Conjugation

Involves degradation of one strand of DNA:

Conjugation

Involves rolling circle replication:

Conjugation

Involves an “Origin of Transfer”:

Conjugation

Is commonly used to introduce a plasmid into E.coli:

Transformation

Was discovered by Griffith in 1928:

Transformation or natural transformation

Involves phage particles that don’t contain phage DNA:

Transduction

What is the relationship between LacZ and glucose:

Enzyme and product

What is the relationship between Adenylate cyclase and cAMP:

Enzyme and product

What is the relationship between LacI and Allo-lactose:

Repressor and Inducer

What is the relationship between TrpR and Tryptophan:

Repressor and Corepressor

What is the relationship between CAP and cAMP:

Activator and Coactivator

What is the regulatory pattern of Lac operon in E. coli:

Negative Feedback Loop

What is the regulatory pattern of the Trp operon in E. coli:

Negative Feedback Loop

What is the regulatory pattern of the SOS regulon in E. coli:

None of the above

What is the regulatory pattern of the sporulation in Bacillus subtilis:

Cascade

What is the regulatory pattern of the gene expression in Bacteriophage T4:

Cascade

Transposon:

May be mutagenic

Prions:

Transmissible agent that contains no nucleic acid

Conjugal Plasmid:

Involves a direct cell to cell bridge or contact

Viroid:

Transsmissible agent that contains no protein

Homing endouclease:

Inteins or introns

Alkane

CH₄

Alcohol

CH₃CH₂OH

Aldehyde

CH₃CHO

Carboxylic Acid

CH₃COOH

Amine

CH₃CH₂NH₂

Ethylamine

CH₃CH₂NH₂

Ethanol

CH₃CH₂OH

Ethanal

CH₃CHO

Ethanoic Acid (aka Acetic Acid)

CH₃COOH

Ethane

CH₄

Autosomal Dominant

Autosomal Recessive

X-linked

Autosomal Dominant

X-Linked

AMP (adenosine monophosphate)

dATP (2’ deoxy adenosine monophosphate)

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

ddATP (2’, 3’ dideoxy adenosine triphosphate)

GTP (Guanosine triphosphate)

Is Victoria a carrier?

Yes

Is Alice a carrier?

Yes

Is Beatrice a carrier?

Yes

Is Elizabeth a carrier?

Maybe

Is Anne a carrier?

No