Pathology Terms

Cardiovascular system

mitral valve prolapse

improper closure of the mitral valve

septal defects

small holes in the wall between the ventricles

fibrilltion

very rapid random inefficient and irregular contractions of the heart

bradycardia

slow heart beat

coarctation of the aorta

narrowing of the aorta

thrombotic occulsion

blocking of the coronary artery by a clot

varicose veins

abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually in the legs

patent ductus arteriosus

passageway between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open after birth

peripheral arterial disease

blockages of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs

hypertension

high blood pressure

atherosclerosis

deposit of fatty compounds in arteries

coronary artery disease

disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

congestive heart failure

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

congenital heart disease

abnormalities in the heart at birth

rheumatic fever

fever that follows streptococcal infections- damages valves of the heart

pericarditis

inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart

raynaud disease

recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily of the fingers and toes

murmur

extra hear sound heard between normal beats

aneurysm

local widening of an arterial wall

myocardial infarction

heart attack

angina

chest pain at rest or chest pain increasing in frequency

flutter

rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

tetralogy of fallot

four distinct hear defects

acute coronary syndromes

unstable angina and myocardial infarction, which are consequences of plaque rupture in coronary arteries

endocarditis

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

arrhythmias

abnormal heart rhythms

pulmonary artery stenosis

pulmonary artery is narrow or obstruted

deep vein thrombosis

blood clot forms in large vein - usually in the lower leg