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15 Terms

1
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What was President Wilson’s initial stance on the US entering WWI?

He wanted America to remain neutral.

2
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What significant political change for women occurred in the US in 1919?

Women gained the right to vote due to the 18th Amendment.

3
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What was the primary goal of the Allied powers in negotiating the peace treaty after WWI in Paris?

Since Germany had to pay a lot of reparations for their war crimes, France and Britain no longer had to repay debt to US banks.

4
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What cultural movement in NY City in the 1920s celebrated African American literature and art?

The Harlem Renaissance.

5
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What was a key source of tension between rural and urban Americans in the 1920s?

Many rural Americans did not welcome the new secular, commercial culture and feared the ethnic and racial diversity of America’s cities.

6
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What was the fundamental cause of the Great Depression?

Frenzied real-estate speculation led to bank failures, undeveloped land, foreclosures, and reduced purchasing power.”

7
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What was the name given to President Roosevelt's major program to address the Great Depression?

The New Deal.

8
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When Roosevelt first took office, which of the following was NOT among his priorities: economic recovery, relief for the unemployed, stock market reform, or civil rights legislation?

Civil rights legislation.

9
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What economic philosophy supported the New Deal?

Keynesian economics, which emphasized large-scale government spending to sustain purchasing power during economic downturns.

10
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In which three countries did the rise of fascism, militarism, and violent nationalism in the 1930s most concern the US?

Germany, Italy, and Japan.

11
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Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, what was the immediate reaction in the US Congress regarding a declaration of war?

Roosevelt immediately asked Congress to declare war, with a vote of 477 for and 1 against.

12
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What were some key results of the nation's economic mobilization efforts during WWII?

Higher manufacturing, decreased unemployment, and increased government spending.

13
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By 1947, what term was used to describe the intense rivalry between the Soviets and the US?

The Cold War.

14
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What was the primary purpose of the Marshall Plan?

To aid in the reconstruction of post–World War II Europe through massive aid to former enemy nations and allies.

15
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Among the factors responsible for the postwar economic boom in the US, which one is highlighted?

The GI Bill, which invigorated the growth of educational institutions.