Effects of accelerated soil erosion

Reduced productivity

Most fertile topsoil often lost when soil is eroded, leaving less fertile soil behind. This may reduce plant growth and result in smaller harvests.

Shallower soil

More difficult root penetration

Sedimentation in rivers

Reduced flow capacity → more likely to overflow and cause flooding

Sedimentation in reservoirs

Reduced capacity, clogged dams

Increased atmospheric particulates

Caused by wind erosion; can worsen health problems like asthma

Desertification

More difficult for vegetation to grow → further soil erosion, reduced rainfall