PSY 314 Quiz 4 Part 3 Obsessive Compulsive Disorders (OCD)

According to Etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, what factors include the biological perspective?

-Family and genetic studies suggest that prevalence of OCD in first-degree relatives is 10% to 20% higher than the general community

-Familial transmission of OCD is stronger for childhood onset and for those with contamination/cleaning OCD

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, the biological perspective suggests that twin studies revealed higher concordance rates among monozygotic than dizygotic twins

True

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, the biological perspective suggests that heritability accounted for how much percentage?

45% to 58% of variance

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, the biological perspective suggests that genes determine what?

How susceptible a person is to environmental factors that may lead to OCD

Among who is OCD more common in?

in kids because they are ritual

What does the biological perspective say?

That you can’t inherit behavior

According to Etiology of Obsessive Compulsive and Impulsive control disorders, what does the psychodynamic theory in the psychological perspective say?

-Symptoms result from intrapsychic conflict between our internal wishes and the outside world

-Temporary relief from deeper anxiety

-Treatment focuses on resolving past and present relationship issues

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, what does the behavioral theory say?

That if you steal something and get away with it thats a reward system

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, in the behavioral theory what is Mowrer’s two factory theory of acquisition?

-Obsessional fears acquired through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning

-Vicarious learning and information transmission

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, in the behavioral theory what is the treatment?

through exposure and response prevention

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, what is the cognitive theory?

To teach people how to move away from the thought because the thought can actually become behavior

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, the person’s reaction to their own intrusive thoughts is important

True

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders what are the obsessive compulsive cognitions working group (1997) suggested six key belief domains?

-Inflated personal responsibility

-Over importance of thoughts (thought-action) fusion

-Beliefs about the importance of controlling one’s thoughts

-Overestimation of threat

-Intolerance for uncertainty

-Perfectionism

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders what is OCRDs?

Biological and psychological perspective

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders heritability estimates that

32% to 76% for TTM and 40% to 47% for skin picking

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, abnormalities in the brains of people with BDD are

similar to people with OCD , studies of TTM are inconclusive

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, psychodynamic theories focus on what?

unconscious conflicts associated with BDD, OCD and TTM

According to the etiology of obsessive compulsive and impulse control disorders, more typical psychological perspectives are rooted in what?

learning, behavioral, and cognitive theories

According to the etiology of pyromania and kleptomania, little is known about the causes

True

According to the etiology of pyromania and kleptomania, psychoanalytic theories focus on what?

on aberrant psychosexual development

According to etiology of pyromania and kleptomania, what do behavioral theories focus on?

the reinforcing effect of addictive behaviors and how they apply to kleptomania and pyromania

According to the etiology of pyromania and kleptomania, what are the risk factors of pyromania and kleptomania?

-Family dysfunction

-Childhood abuse

-Poor social skills'

-Peer rejection

According to the etiology of pyromania and kleptomania, what is family dysfunction?

When one or two parents are addicts, therefore develops the risk factor for kleptomania and pyromania

According to the etiology of pyromania and kleptomania, what is childhood abuse?

Female sexual abuse that comes out of drug abuse and prostitution

What does risk factor mean?

Something that would predispose you to a factor or theory

What are the medications for OCD and Impulse Control Disorders?

-Paxil

-Lexapro

-Effexor

-Zoloft

-Luvox

What are the two primary treatment modalities of OCD include?

-Biological

-Behavioral/Cognitive Behavioral

What do biological treatments of OCD include?

-Medication (SSRIs, neuroleptics)

-Psychosurgery (cingulotomy, capsulotomy)

-Deep brain stimulation

What do the behavioral/ cognitive behavioral treatments of OCD include?

-Exposure and response prevention (ERP)

-Cognitive therapy

-Acceptance and commitment therapy

What are the treatments for BDD and hoarding?

Cognitive behavioral treatment for BDD and hoarding. ERP (Exposure and Response Prevention) as well as cognitive restructuring for hoarding

What are treatments for TTM?

-Habit reversal training for skin picking

-Stimulus control for excoriation

What are in the early stages for being validated for treatment?

Mindfulness and ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy)

What is helpful for pyromania and kleptomania?

-antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and opioid agonists

-imaginal desensitization also helps with these conditioins