health education quiz

1960s-1980s

knowledge-based interventions

-focuses on transferring awareness and knowledge

Methods: Lectures, brochures, fairs

1990s

skill-based interventions

-Building specific skills (refusal skills, problem-solving)

Methods: demonstrations, role-playing

1990s-present

Theory-based interventions

Programs based empirically on tested behavioral theories

Evidence-based approach

2010-present

Precision health education interventions

Multiple behaviors and social science theories

Use of technology for behavior change

Purpose of Theories

Explain and predict behavior

Benefits of theories

Measurable outcomes

Methods for behavior change

timing of interventions

Enhance professional communication

improve program replication and effectiveness

Precede

Predisposing

Reinforcing

Enabling constructs in educational, ecological diagnosis and evaluation

Proceed

Policy

Regulatory and organizational constructs in educational and environmental development

Predisposing Factors

Characteristics that motivate behavior Change

Knowledge

Beliefs

attitudes

values

Perceptions

Enabling Factors

Resources, skills, or barriers that facilitate or hinder change

Resource availability

Accessability

Skills and Abilities

Policies and laws

Reinforcing Factors

Feedback or rewards that strengthen behavior continuation

Social support

Rewards and incentives

Feedback from others

Symptom alleviation

Recogniton

Phases of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model

Social assessment and situational analysis

Epidemiological assessment

Educational and ecological assessment

Administrative and policy assessment

Implementation

Evulation

PRECEDE-PROCEED Evaluations

Process evaluation

impact evaluation

outcome evaluation

Microsystem

Immediate environment (Family, School, Workplace)

Mesosytem

Linkages between settings

Exosystem

Indirect influence

Macrosystem

cultural context

Chronosystem

Environmental changes over time

Strengths of the precede-proceed model

- popular and most researched model

- in existence for four decades

- very comprehensive and covers all areas of planning

- The initiation of the model utilizes community inputs and participation

- Phased evaluation is also a strong feature

Limitations of the precede-procede model

Time-consuming

Resource-intensive

A mixture of several theories

upstream factors

Policy & Legislation

Living wage laws, progressive taxation, minimum school physical activity mandates, pollution controls

Environmental Design

Safe housing, sidewalks, parks, recreational facilities, green spaces

Economic Structures

Access to jobs, income equality, food security, transportation infrastructure

Social Systems & Equity

Anti-discrimination laws, social support infrastructure, education equity programs

Institutional Practices

School curricula changes, workplace wellness policies, healthcare accessibility policies

downstream factors

target individual behaviors or immediate clinical care (e.g., counseling, immunizations, smoking cessation programs).

ABCD approach

Audience, behavior, conditions,degree

T-R-A

Just You-Personal factors

Program Planning Model

assessment, planning, intervention implementation, evaluation