Chemistry Exam 2

Is O2 an oxidizer or reducer

Oxidizer

Is H2O2 an oxidizer or reducer

oxidizer

Are halogens oxidizers or reducers

oxidizers

Ia (Cr2O7)-2 an oxidizer or reducer

oxidizer

is (MnO4)- an oxidizer or reducer

oxidizer

Is H+ an oxidizer or reducer

reducer

Are CO and CO2 oxidizers or reducers

reducers

Are metals oxidizers or reducers

reducers

Formula for Direct concentration method

M = moles of solute/liters of solution

Formula for Dilute concentration method

(Mstock)(Vstock) = (Mdiluted)(Vdiluted)F

Formula for molarity

M = moles of solute/liters of solution

Is LiOH (Lithium hydroxide) a strong or weak _____

Strong Base

Is NaOH (Sodium hydroxide) a strong or weak _____

Strong Base

Is KOH (Potassium hydroxide) a strong or weak _____

Strong Base

Is Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) a strong or weak _____

Strong Base

Is Ba(OH)2 (barium hydroxide) a strong or weak _____

Strong Base

Is NH3 (ammonia) a strong or weak _____

Weak base

Is (CH3)3N (trimethylamine) a strong or weak _____

Weak Base

Is CH3CH2NH2 (ethylamine) a strong or weak _____

Weak base

What periodic groups make strong bases?

All of groups 1 & 2 + hydroxide

Is HCl (hydrochloric acid) a strong or weak _____

Strong acid

Is HBr (hydrobromic acid) a strong or weak _____

Strong acid

Is HI (hydroiodic acid) a strong or weak _____

Strong base

Is HNO3 (nitric acid) a strong or weak _____

Strong acid

is H2SO4 (Sulfuric acid) a strong or weak _____

Strong acid

is HClO4 (perchloric acid) a strong or weak _____

Strong acid

Is HClO3 (chloric acid) a strong or weak _____

Strong acid

Is CH3CO2H (acetic acid) a strong or weak _____

Weak acid

is H3C6H5O5 (citric acid) a strong or weak _____

Weak acid

Is H2C2O4 (oxalic acid) a strong or weak _____

Weak acid

Is HF (hydrofluoric acid) a strong or weak _____

Weak acid

is H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) a strong or weak _____

Weak acid

Is H2CO3 (carbonic acid) a strong or weak _____

Weak acid

Strong acid = _____ electrolyte

Strong and soluble

Weak acid/base = ____ electrolyte

Weak and not soluble

Order of colors from + through - electromagnetic energy

Violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red

Order of electromagnetic spectrum + through - wavelength

Long radio waves, AM, FM, Microwave, IR, Visible spectrum, UR, X rays, Y rays

Order of electromagnetic spectrum + through - Frequency (v)

y rays, x rays, IR, Visible spectrum, IR, Microwave, FM, AM, Long radio waves

Order of electromagnetic spectrum + through - Electromagnetic radiation

y rays, x rays, IR, Visible spectrum, IR, Microwave, FM, AM, Long radio waves

Frequency (v) =

Speed of light (c) / Wavelength

Speed of light (c) =

Wavelength x frequency (v)

Wavelength =

Speed of light (c) / Frequency (v)

Frequency units

Hz

Wavelength Units

m

Speed of light units

m/s

Order of colors from + through - Wavelength

Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet

All electromagnetic Waves travel at the _____ speed

same

Ephoton =

hv

Ephoton = hv =

hc/wavelength

(Ephoton) wavelength =

hc/Ephoton

(Ephoton) v =

E/h

h =

Ephoton/v

Change in E =

-2.179e-18 J (1/n² final - 1/n² initial)

When do you use negative 2.179e-18?

When determining absorption vs. emission and determining just the energy

Energy (n) =

-2.179e-18 J (1/n²)

Absorption

Move upwards (uses energy)

Emission

Moves downwards (releases energy as light)

What represents the ionization energy of hydrogen?

The longest (highest energy) absorption

Characteristics of longer arrows in the bohr model

Shortest wavelength, Highest frequency and energy

Characteristics of shorter arrows in the bohr model

Longest wavelength, Lowest frequency and energy

Ground state

n = 1e

Excited state

n > 1

N is the ““

“principle”

l is the ““

“angular momentum”

ml is the ““

“magnetic”

n specifies

shell - energy and distance from nucleus

l specifies

subshell and orbital shape

ml specifies

orbital orientation

(change in E) v =

E/h

(change in E) wavelength =

c/v

When finding the wavelength using change in E, you must:

Calculate the change in E, calculate v (E/h), and then calculate wavelength (c/v)

Are the formulas for E (photon) and E (change in E - n) to find E, v, and wavelength different?

Yes = all three formulas are different