Anatomy Test 2

What does the Osseous Tissue support?

Provides attachments for muscles and organs

What is osteoblasts?

Builds bone

What is Osteoclasts?

Remove/breakdown of bones

What is osteocyte?

mature bone cells stays in bone

Which canal runs perpendicular in the Osteon?

Perforating (volkmann’s) canal

Which canal runs parallel in the Osteon?

Central (Haversian) canal

What is the outside layer of the Osteon?

Periosteum

Located on the inside of the Periosteum with Sharpey fibers is called?

Perforating Fibers

What is Endosteum?

It is the lining bony canals and covering trabeculae

What does the Osteon look like?

it is the Haversian system it is the risen cake like circular edges.

Please label the following in order

Lamella, Osteocyte, Lacuna, Canaliculus

Identify 1-4

Osteons, Lacunae, Canaliculi, Central Canals

What two process happens in Endochondral Ossification?

1. Interstitial growth (length)

2. Appositional growth (Diameter)

Image B is spongy indicating what?

Osteoporosis

Define the following in order.

Sternum, Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid process

The manubrium, Body , Xiphoid process in located within the-

Sternum

The function of the Temporal Bones is

Articulate with mandible, Surround and Protect inner ear, Attach muscles of jaw and head.

What is the articulations of the Occipital bone

First cervical vertebra (atlas) via occipital condyles

Identify the Following

Zygomatic Arch, Zygomatic process of temporal bone, Temporal process of Zygomatic bone.

What does the maxilla contain?

Maxillary sinuses ( largest sinuses)

What is the functions of the Inferior nasal conchae

Create air turbulence in the nasal cavity, Increase the Epithelial surface area, warm and humidify inhaled air.

What Is the function of the Hyoid bone?

supports the larynx, attaches muscles of the larynx, pharynx, and tongue

Define all 3 (full name)

Coronal suture, Squamous suture, Lambdoid suture

Define the following

Sagittal suture

Identify 1,2,3,4,6

Frontal bone, Parietal bone, Occipital bone, Temporal bone, Zygomatic bone

Identify 5,7,8,9

Mandible, Maxilla, External acoustic meatus, Mastoid process

Define Cribriform plate

It is small holes

Name the following

Foramen magnum, Crista galli, Cribriform plate, Sella turcica

Name the following

Occipital Condyles, Foramen magnum

What is the Sella Turcica?

It is where the pituitary gland rests within a hollowed out area of the sphenoid bone.

Why is it called Hypophyseal fossa?

It is the indentation in the sphenoid bone

Define 1-4

Coronoid proces,Articular surface for temporomandibular joint, Mandibular notch, Head, Condylar process

In the mastoid process what are the holes referred to as?

Mastoid air cells

Name the following photo 1,2,3

Mandibular fossa, External acoustic meatus, Mastoid process

What is Number 4?

Temporomandibular Joint

Which Vertebrae is this?

Cervical

Which Vertebrae is this?

Thoracic

Which Vertebrae is this?

Lumbar

How many in Cervical Curve

7

How many are in the Thoracic curve?

12

How many in the Lumbar curve?

5

How many in the Sacral curve?

5

How many in the Coccyx?

3-5

Thoracic and sacral curves are called what during fetal development?

Primary curves

The lu mbar and cervical curves are called what after birth?

Secondary curves

Name the following diagram 1-6

Cervical vertebrae, Thoracic vertebrae, Lumbar vertebrae, Lordosis, Kyphosis, Lordosis

Which is considered Lordosis

Cervical, Lumbar

Which is considered Kyphotic/Kyphosis?

Thoracic

Name the following 1-6

Lamina, Spinous process, Transverse process, Vertebral arch, Pedicle, Vertebral body

Thoracic vertebrae is what shaped?

Heart shaped

Label 1 and 2

Sacrum and Coccyx

Label 1 2 3

Frontal suture, Anterior fontanelle, Sagittal suture

Label 1 and 2

Base and Apex

Every Cervical has what in the Transverse process?

A hole

What Vertebrae is this?

Cervical

What Vertebrae is this?

Thoracic

What Vertebrae is this?

Lumbar