Lifespan Development Review

These flashcards cover key concepts from lifespan development, including theories, significant stages, and critical terms related to cognitive and emotional development.

Kohlberg's Stages of Gender Role Acquisition

Includes gender identity, gender stability, and gender constancy.

Gender Identity

The first stage in the acquisition of gender-role behaviors occurring around ages 2 to 3.

Gender Stability

The second stage by age 4 where children understand gender remains stable over time.

Gender Constancy

The third stage occurring between ages 6 to 7, where children understand that gender is consistent across situations.

Bem's Gender Schema Theory

Combines social learning and cognitive-developmental theories and focuses on how gender schemas influence behavior.

Attachment Patterns

Categorized into four types: secure, insecure/anxious-avoidant, insecure/anxious-ambivalent, and disorganized/disoriented.

Social Referencing

Relying on another person's emotional response to decide how to respond in an ambiguous situation.

Critical Period

A limited timeframe during which certain experiences or learning must occur for normal development.

Sensitive Period

A time when specific skills or behaviors are more easily acquired.

Ego Integrity vs. Despair

The final stage in Erikson’s theory; successful resolution leads to wisdom.

Scaffolding

Temporary support and assistance provided to a learner to help them progress.

Object Permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen.

Telegraphic Speech

Two-word sentences used by children that include the most important words.

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

The phenomenon where others' expectations influence an individual's performance.

Identity Foreclosure

A status in Marcia's model where an individual has not experienced an identity crisis but has chosen an identity imposed by others.

Phenotype

Observable characteristics of an individual that result from the interaction of their genotype and the environment.

Imprinting

The bond that develops during a critical period following birth in some non-human species.

Cognitive Development

The process of acquiring intelligence and increasingly advanced thought and problem-solving ability from infancy to adulthood.

PKU (Phenylketonuria)

A recessive gene disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize phenylalanine.