MIDTERM: SOCIAL STUDIES

Protectorate

A country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power.

Sphere of Influence

An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges

Economic Imperialism

Independent but less developed nations controlled by private business interests rather than by other governments.

Subsequent Boundaries

Boundary line established after an area has been settled that considers the social and cultural characteristics of the area

Antecedent Boundaries

A boundary line established before an area is populated

Relic Boundaries

former state boundaries that still have political or cultural meaning

Superimposed Boundaries

A boundary made through colonization without regard to prior ethnic/cultural patterns

Geometric Boundaries

Political boundaries that are defined and delimited by straight lines.

Consequent Boundaries

the boundaries between states are set by ethical differences, especially those based on language and/or religion. Also called Cultural Boundaries.

Core-periphery

Rich countries exploit poorer ones

Dependency Theory

Poor countries stay poor because they rely on rich one

Qing Dynasty

Last ruling dynasty of China

Opium War

War between China and Britain over opium trade

Treaty of Nanjing

Ended opium war; China lost power and land

Taiping Rebellion

Massive civil war against Qing rule

Boxer Rebellion

Anti foreign uprising in China

Open door policy

allowed all nations to trade freely w/ China

Meiji Resoration

Period when Japan modernized and industrialized

Gunboat Diplomacy

Using military force to force agreements

British East India Company

British company that controlled India's trade and government

Raj

Direct British rule of India

Sepoy Rebllion

Indian soldiers revolted against British rule

Gandhi

Leader of Indian independence using non-violence

Civil Disobedience

peaceful protest by refusing to follow unfair laws

Independence and creation of Pakistan

India gained freedom; split into India and Pakistan

Social Darwinism

Belief that stronger nations are meant to dominate weaker ones

Direct

Foreign officals rule the country

Indirect

Local leaders rule but follow foreign power's orders