Amnesia case studies

HM

severe anterograde amnesia, preventing him from forming new memories. Inability to consolidate

HM Brain Areas

Hippocampus and Entrohinal Cortez damaged. Parahippocampal cortex gone and Cerebellum shrunken

NA and BJ

Profound anterograde and milder retrograde amnesia for explicit (not implicit) memories

NA and BJ Brain areas

NA - Fencing foil produced legion to mamillary bodies and left medial dorsal thalumus

BJ - Mamilary bodies damages

NO HIPPOCAMPUS DAMAGE!!!!

Suggests memory circuit that incudes medial dorsal thalumus, hippocampus and mamilarry bodies

Clive Wearing

7 second memory, profound anterograde and retrograde amnesia

memories of wife, conducting and playing music and some semantic memories maintained

Clive Wearing Brain areas

Temporal lobes

KC

profound retro and anterogrdae amnesa

episodic memories gone, but could recognize family

remarkable sparing of semantic memory

KC brain areas

bilateral damage to hippocampus and limbic cortez, and frontal and parietal cortex

Human Studies concluisons

Hippocampus and Medial Dorsal Thalamus needed for creating new episodic memories

Patients with Hippocampus and MTL damage couldn’t form new episodic memories

HM, KC, CW

Hippocampus and Medial Temporal Lobe is not needed for what

non-declarative/implicit learning. HM could learn tasks