Nationalism/Unification Global 2

Nationalism

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

unification

the process of being united or made into a whole.

Congress of Vienna

(1814-1815 CE) Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon.

Prince Metternich

Austrian minister, believed in the policies of legitimacy and intervention (the military to crush revolts against legitimacy). Leader of the Congress of Vienna

Balance of Power

Condition of roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries.

Kaiser

German emperor

Zollverein

was a tariff union that removed tariff barriers between the German states and was the first step toward a new German unity.

militaristic

where a government uses military force to control its state

Danish War

Prussia & Austria beat Denmark for Schleswig & Holstein

Austro-Prussian War

"7 weeks war"

Prussia beats Austria & gets complete control of Schleswig & Holstein

Northern German Confederation

Northern German states unify

Franco-Prussian War

Prussia quickly beats France - Bismarck manipulates Napoleon III with Ems Dispatch

Kaiser William I (Wilhelm)

becomes ruler with Otto Von Bismarck as chancellor

Kaiser William II

Became ruler of Germany with total power.

Otto von Bismarck

Wanted to end all threats to German unification.

Against Catholics because they put God before Germany.

Against socialists because he thought they would cause a revolt.

Kept workers happy with reforms so they would not become revolutionary.

Giuseppe Mazzini

"The Soul"

Young Italy

Goal is to get Austria out of the North

Uses speeches & writing to inspire nationalism

Camillo Cavour

"The Brains"

Used war & alliances

Goal is to unify the North

Uses alliances/wars to unify Italy & add it to Sardinia

Giuseppe Garibaldi

"The Sword"

Organized volunteer army

Goal is to organize Red Shirts to conquer from the South

Defeats Kingdom of 2 Sicilies and add to Italy

King Victor Emmanuel

Italy was united under him (except Venetia & Rome)

multi-ethnic

relating to or constituting several ethnic groups.

Diaspora

A dispersion of people from their homeland

Zionism

A movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine

Theodore Herzl

Journalist who led a movement to create Jewish states

Ghettos

Sections of towns and cities in which Jews were forced to live.

Pograms

organized killing of Jewish ghettos

Anti-Semitism

Prejudice against Jews