Senior Design Project-Quiz 3

What is a Perceptual Block?

Prevent people from clearly seeing the problem for what it is.

Ex: The tendency to delimit the problem space, or in other words, to put constraints on the problem that don’t exist.

What is an Emotional Block?

Fear of failure. People often have creative ideas, but are afraid to express them since they may be criticized or may not have the ‘correct answer’

What is an Environmental Block?

Things in our environment that limit creative ability. This could be in the form of poor teamwork where members distrust each other and critiize each other’s ideas.

What is Intellectual and Expressive Block?

The designer needs to have an understanding of intellectual tolls taht are applied to solve problems

Ex: Mathematics is a universal language for expressing and solving scientific problems

What is Lateral Thinking?

Offers a different perspective on the barriers to creativity

The objective is thinking ot identify creative solutions. It is not concerned with developing the solution for the problem, or right or wrong solutions. It encourges jumping around between ideas.

Appropiate for the concept generation phase.

What is Vertical Thinking?

That they are good at taking a problem and proceeding logically.

Focuses on sequential steps toward a solution and tries to determine the correctness of the solution throughout the process.

What are the Strategies to Enhance Creativity?

1.) Have a Questioning Attitude

2.) Practice being Creative

3.) Suspend Judgement

4.) Allow Time

5.) Think Like a Beginner

What does SCAMPER stand for?

Substitute

Combine

Adapt

Modify

Put to other use

Eliminate

Rearrange or Reverse

What is Brainstorming?

Most-known method of internal searching. Effective in generating multiple concepts in a short period of time if done in a group.

What is Brainwriting?

1.) The team develops a common problem statement that is read out loud.

2.) Each team member writes ideas down on a card and places it in the center of the table

3.) Other team members then take cards from the pile and use others’ ideas to generate new ones or build upon them, keeping in ming of SCAMPER

What is Brainwriting 6-3-5?

A variation where the objective is to have 6 people develop 3 ideas in 5 minutes. 

What is Nominal Group Technique (NGT)?

Each team member silently generated ideas that are reported out in a round-robin fasion so that all members have an opportunity to present ideas.

Concepts are selected by multivoting scheme with each member casting a predetermined number of votes for the ideas presented.

What are the steps for Nominal Group Technique (NGT)?

1.) Read problem statement

2.) Restate the problem

3.) Silently generate ideas

4.) Collect ideas in a round-robin fashion

5.) Summarize and rephrase ideas

6.) Vote

What is a Concept Table?

A tool for identifying different combinations, arrangements, and substitutions. 

The table headings represent potential solutions

Novecl products or solutions are generated by combining elements from each of the columns

What is Concept Fan?

A graphical representation of design decisions and choices. 

Ex: Temperature measuring. Circles represent the choices to be made and the squares represent potential solutions to the choices.

What is Strengths and Weaknesses Analysis?

To make the method more quantitative, relative scores for the strengths (plus factors) and weaknesses (minus factors) can be assigned and used to score the concepts. 

What is Functional Decomposition?

Systems are designed by determining the overall functionality and then iteratively decomposing it into component subsystems, each with its own functionality.

High Top-Down Favor

What is Bottom-Up Design?

The designer starts with basic components and synthesizes them to create the overal system.

The parts and subsystems are given and the artifact is created.

What is the Top-Down Design?

The designer has an overall vision of what the final system must do, and the problem is partioned into components, or subsystems that work together to achieve the overall goal. Then each subsystems is successively refined and partioned as necessary.

What is Functional Specification/Requirement?

In the matematical analogy-the inputs, the outputs, and the transformation between the inputs and outputs (functionality)

What is a module?

A block, or subsystem, that performs a function

What are the levels of the Application Process of Functional Decomposition?

Level 0: Block diagram/module. Layout of design. Functional requriements

Level 1: System architecture. Creating subsystems.

Level 2: Design of the system.