endocrine system

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Produces regulatory hormones (releasing and inhibiting hormones)

pituitary gland

Produces prolactin, oxytocin, somatotropin, and vasopressin

thyroid

thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin

parathyroid

parathyroid hormone

adrenal glands

epinephrine and norepinephrine; corticosteroids

gonads

estrogen, progesterone, testosterone

pancreas

insulin, glucagon

pineal gland

melatonin

thymus

thymopoietin, thymosins

regulatory hormones

Control release of hormones from pituitary

somatotropin

growth hormone

Prolactin

stimulates milk production

Oxytocin

causes increased contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulates the ejection of milk into the ducts of the breasts.

Vasopressin

antidiuretic hormone; increases water retention

Thymopoietins & thymosins

These hormones are essential for the development of the T lymphocytes (T cells) of the immune system

Melatonin

sleep-inducing hormone; circadian rhythm

thyroxine and triiodothyronine

increase metabolism

Calcitonin

Lowers blood calcium levels

Insulin

regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues

Glucagon

Facilitates breakdown of glucagon in liver in order to raise blood glucose levels

epinephrine and norepinephrine

fight-or-flight responses

Mineralcorticoids

controls the sodium levels of the blood

Glucocorticoids

raises blood sugar levels when stressed

Androgens

stimulates the onset of puberty

estrogen

regulates secondary sex characteristics of female

Progesterone

regulates menstrual cycle and pregnancy

Testosterone

regulates secondary sex characteristics in males and production of sperm