endocrine system

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27 Terms

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Hypothalamus

Produces regulatory hormones (releasing and inhibiting hormones)

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pituitary gland

Produces prolactin, oxytocin, somatotropin, and vasopressin

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thyroid

thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin

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parathyroid

parathyroid hormone

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adrenal glands

epinephrine and norepinephrine; corticosteroids

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gonads

estrogen, progesterone, testosterone

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pancreas

insulin, glucagon

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pineal gland

melatonin

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thymus

thymopoietin, thymosins

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regulatory hormones

Control release of hormones from pituitary

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somatotropin

growth hormone

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Prolactin

stimulates milk production

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Oxytocin

causes increased contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulates the ejection of milk into the ducts of the breasts.

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Vasopressin

antidiuretic hormone; increases water retention

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Thymopoietins & thymosins

These hormones are essential for the development of the T lymphocytes (T cells) of the immune system

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Melatonin

sleep-inducing hormone; circadian rhythm

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thyroxine and triiodothyronine

increase metabolism

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Calcitonin

Lowers blood calcium levels

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Insulin

regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues

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Glucagon

Facilitates breakdown of glucagon in liver in order to raise blood glucose levels

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epinephrine and norepinephrine

fight-or-flight responses

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Mineralcorticoids

controls the sodium levels of the blood

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Glucocorticoids

raises blood sugar levels when stressed

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Androgens

stimulates the onset of puberty

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estrogen

regulates secondary sex characteristics of female

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Progesterone

regulates menstrual cycle and pregnancy

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Testosterone

regulates secondary sex characteristics in males and production of sperm