Layer 1 of OSI Model

Layer 1

This layer sends bits across the network. It includes the physical parts and electrical features of the network. and shows if we are using an ethernet cable, fiber or copper, whether we are using cat5 or 6, and if we are using radio frequencies such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth.

Bits

How is data send through layer 1 of the osi model?

Transition modulation

 a way to track data when there are changes.  NOTE: we are looking for just changes not the strengths of the signal.

TIA/EIA-568A and TIA/EIA-568B

when dealing with an ethernet cable. The RJ45 connector will use 1 of two standards within the network

Indicates the wiring within the RJ45 connector

what does the “A” and “B” indicate in, TIA/EIA-568A and TIA/EIA-568B

Network Topology

How are cables arranged and interconnected within a network.

Asynchronously or Synchronously

How does the receiving end know when to accept ones and zeros?

Asynchronously

uses a start and stop bit to indicate when transmissions occur from the sender to receiver.

Syncrhonous

both sender and receiver of the data is present at the same time

broadband and baseband

How to figure out how to utilize the bandwidth of a cable?

Broadband

divide our bandwidth into separate channels

baseband

 use all the bandwidth in one area

Time division Multiplexing (TDM) , Statistical Time division Multiplexing (SatatTDM), and Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

What are the few ways to counter a baseband using up all the bandwidth?

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)

is when each user gets a turn using a dedicated time slot

Statistical Time Division Multiplexing (StatTDM)

lets devices take turns sending data. If one device doesn’t need its turn, another one can use it instead

Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

A way to send multiple signals at the same time over the same connection by giving each one its own frequency.

Multiplexing

taking a limited resource and finding a better way to share it more efficiently.