IB History of the Americas Chapter 7-9 Rass

Republican Motherhood

A role for women that stressed the importance of teaching children republican virtues.

Noah Webster

Educator and Lawyer. Wrote dictionary.

Deism

Denied the Bible and Jesus as the son of God. Franklin and Jefferson were Deists.

2nd Great Awakening

1790's, helped fight the spread of religions like Deism. Gave women and African Americans the chance to participate in religion.

Samuel Slater

Memorized Blueprints and created the first textile factory in America.

Eli Whitney

Invented Cotton Gin and Interchangeable parts for guns.

Thomas Jefferson

Author of Dec. of Ind. 3rd POTUS. Believed in strict construction of the constitution. Got Congress to pass Embargo act of 1807.

Marbury v. Madison

Established Judicial Review

LA Purchase

Land between Mississippi and Rocky Mountains for $15 Million.

Lewis and Clark

Before LA Purchase, Jefferson sent them on an expedition to the Pacific Ocean. Proved no water route to the Pacific.

Chesapeake Affair

British impressment of American sailors.

Embargo Act of 1807

When Jefferson kept all American ships from leaving American waters to any nation. Repealed because it hurt America.

Tecumseh and the Prophet

The prophet and his brother tried to unite all Indian tribes to prevent encroachment in 1807.

Non-intercourse Act

Replaced the Embargo Act of 1807. Opened trade to all nations except Britain and France.

Macon's Bill #2

Replaced the non-intercourse act. The United States would re-open trade with Britian and France.

Hartford Convention

Meeting of Federalists in NE in 1814 where they protested the War of 1812 and threatened to succeed from the Union if demands were not met.

Nationalism

Feeling pride about one's nation

Sectionalism

Feeling Loyalty to one section of the country.

Internal Improvements

Debate on which part of the government was responsible for transportation.

Era of Good Feelings

Monroe became president in 1817 and the federalists didn't even nominate someone to run against him.

Adams-Onis Treaty

Negotiation between Adams and Onis form Spain. Gave us Florida in return for Texas and part of Northwest for Spain.

Trail of Tears

Forced Indians west of the Mississippi, sending them to Oklahoma.

Panic of 1819

People burrowed Money to Buy Land, but could not pay it back to the banks and the land values declined. States fell into a 6 year depression.

Missouri Compromise

Added Missouri as a slave state. Made Maine a Free State. Everything above 36 30 was free and everything below was slave.

John Marshall

Supreme Court justice and escalated judicial review. Some significant cases include Marb v. Mad, Mcull. v. Md. and Gib. v. Ogd.

Monroe Doctrine

Said the Western Hemisphere would not have nay further colonization with British Navy enforcing this. U.S. issued their own doctrine that says U.S. will stay out of European affairs as well.

Tariff of Abominations

Passed by Congress in 1828. Outraged Southerners because it protected northern wool products but made the south pay more for imported goods. Increased Sectionalism.

Corrupt Bargain

Clay supported Adams in an election decided by the house. In return, Adams selected Clay as the Secretary of State, many thinking it was a corrupt bargain.

King Mob

Jacksons party at the White House for the commoners after he was inaugurated.

Daniel Webster

Great American Orator.

Political Boss

A leader of a political party that uses patronage to gain voters. They also intimidate voters.

Martin VanBuren

Helps legitimize political parties, was VP under Jackson and was president. Term was in jeopardy after the panic of 1837.

Spoils System

The winner of an election should be able to replace government workers with people of their own party.

John C. Calhoun

VP of John Q. Adams and Jackson and argued constitution. He was one of the most famous Southern States' rights leaders, but wanted to preserve the union.

Nullification

First implemented against the Alien and Sedition Acts. This idea eventually led to the Civil War.

Henry Clay

Great compromiser. Was branded by the Corrupt Bargain.

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia

Marshall ruled the Cherokee Nation has no right to have its vase heard in court. Said Cherokee Nation is "semi-independent".

Tariff of Abominations

Tariff packaged designed to win support for anti-Adams forces in Congress.

Peggy Eaton Affair

Peggy O'Neal married John Eaton. Andrew Jackson comes into this and had troubles with his wife. All of a sudden Calhoun is brought up and I got confused.

Nicholas Biddle and Bank War

Biddle is the president of the second BUS and makes it very profitable. Jackson has problems with the BUs and puts his money in state banks.

Soft Money/Hard Money

Soft money was issued with no backing. Hard money was gold/silver that had actual value.

Whig Party

Favored expansion of Federal Government, encouraged development, cautious about westward expansion, and favored the BUS.

Panic of 1837

Jackson issued "species circular" that said all public land debts had to be paid in hard money. Lead to a panic.

Pet Banks

State Banks. Many of which failed in the panic of 1837.

Specie Circular

Said the government would only take specie--gold and silver--to pay back debts.

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

Solves Canadian/American border in Maine and reduces tensions between America and Britian.