Healthy Lifestyle and Weight Management - Physical Education 10

  • HEALTH - Is a state complete physical, metal, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease of infirmity.

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  • LIFESTYLE - It is the interests, opinions, behaviors, and behavioral orientations of an individual, group or even culture.   * Lifestyle is a combination of     determining intangible or tangible     factors.

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  • HEALTHY LIFESTYLE - Is a way of living that lowers the risk of being seriously ill or dying early.
  • GOOD HEALTH - Is not just the absence of disease or illness, it is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing.
  • NUTRITION - The process of taking in food and using it for growth, metabolism, and repair.

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CARBOHYDRATE - Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen known as starches and sugar.

  • Main source of energy
  • Supplies cells with glucose and   glycogen

\ FATS - Also supplies the majority of energy of the body.

  • Stored in a specialized cell called adipose tissue.
  • Does not supply energy as fast as   carbohydrates

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Types of fat sources
  • Saturated - Fats from animals, coconuts, and palm oil, are believed to be related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases and excessive amounts should be avoided.
  • Unsaturated - Fats from plants and vegetables

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  • PROTEIN - Essential to the body for physical growth   * Repair of body tissues

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  • VITAMINS - Essential to the body, as part of enzymes and coenzymes in the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats   * Not a direct source of energy.   * Involved in the formation of red     blood cells and bones

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TYPES OF VITAMINS
  • Water soluble
  • Fat soluble   * Vitamin B – important for the release of energy from food   * Vitamin A – for healthy eyes, protects against night blindness   * Vitamin D – helps build calcium and phosphorus in the bones and assist in absorbing calcium   * Vitamin E – better athletic performance specially in aerobic endurance   * Vitamin K – important for the clotting and coagulation of the blood in cuts or any incisions in the skin

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RISKS FACTORS RELATED TO LIFESTYLE DISEASES
  • Family history of premature heart disease
  • Cigarette smoking
  • Alcohol use
  • Physical inactivity
  • Unhealthy diet

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Common lifestyle diseases

High blood pressure - It is also known as hypertension. It may increase your risk of heart failure

  1. High blood Cholesterol - This can lead to plaque in arteries which may also cause the risk of heart attack.
  2. Diabetes - It means that you have too much glucose in your blood that may lead to serious health problem.

\ \ LIFE STYLE DISEASES - Are non-communicable diseases related to unhealthy lifestyle and unbalanced diet.

\ FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH INSTITUTE-DOST:

  • Urbanization
  • Popularity of convenience food
  • Decline of physical activities
  • Increase in levels of smoking and stress

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OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

  • Are terms that refer to body weight that is greater than what is considered normal or healthy for a certain height.
  • Overweight is generally due to extra body fat
  • It may also be due to extra muscle, bones, or water. People who have obesity usually have too much body fat.

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CAUSES OF OBESITY AND OVERWEIGHT
  • Increased intake of energy-dense food that are high in fat and sugars.
  • An increases in physical inactivity due to the increasingly sedentary nature of many forms of work, changing modes of transportation, and increasing urbanization.

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COMMON CONSEQEUNCES OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY
  1. Cardiovascular diseases
  2. Diabetes
  3. Musculoskeletal disorder (osteoarthritis) iv.
  4. Some cancers (endo, breast, ovarian, prostate, liver, gallbladder, kidney, and colon.)

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NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS OF ADOLESCENT
  • Malnutrition – any condition with a person nutrient is inadequate or unbalance.
  • Underweight – a weight that is below the desirable body weight
  • Overweight – a weight that is higher than the desirable body weight

\ EATING DISORDER - An emotional problem that leads to harmful changes in eating patterns

  1. Anorexia Nervosa - Starving oneself
  2. Bulimia - Stuffing oneself and trying to get right the food in the body right away
  3. Binge-eating disorder - Person who frequently stuffs oneself with food that he/she cannot control eating too much food

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  • ACTIVE RECRATION - Are activities that are vigorous enough to get your heart to beat faster are forms of active recreating.   * Leisure time physical activity undertaken outside o structures competition

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  • PHYSICAL ACTIVITY/EXERCISE:   * Involve muscle contraction and improves physical fitness/health   * Can improve your health and reduce the risk of developing several diseases.

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BENEFITS OF EXERCISES:

  • Improve body composition
  • Improves blood circulation
  • Relieves tension and stress
  • Provide enjoyment and fun
  • Improves strength and endurance
  • Relieve insomnia
  • Work become more easier

\ PARTS OF EXERCISE:

  1. Stretching
  2. Warm up
  3. Workout /load
  4. Cool down

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PRINCIPLES OF EXERCISE
  1. Specificity - Refers to the specific type of exercise
  2. Overload - Refers to the amount of exercise needed to enhance fitness
  3. Progression - Refers to the gradual increase of load
  4. Frequency - Refers how often training should take
  5. Intensity - Refers to challenging and difficult exercises

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FITT PRINCIPLES AND REST
  • Frequency – refers to the frequency of exercise undertaken or how often you exercise
  • Intensity – refers to the intensity of exercises under taken.
  • Time – refers to the time you spend exercising
  • Type – refers to the type of exercise
  • Rest – important because it is equal part of the process

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YOGA

  • The physical, mental and spiritual practice which originated in ancient India with a view to attain true peace of mind.
  • One of the oldest forms of healing therapy

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VINYASA YOGA

  • Flowing movement linked with the breath
  • Gives a cardiovascular workout

\ Types of Vinyasa yoga:

  1. Mountain pose
  2. Half lift
  3. Forward fold
  4. Child pose

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