Oceanography Lab- Final Review

Trough

The lowest point of the wave

Crest

Highest point of a wave

Wave Period

The time it takes a wave to pass a fixed point

Wavelength

The distance from trough or crest to crest

Wave height

The distance between the crest and the trough 

Amplitude

Half of wave height; calm sea level to crest or trough

Water Depth

The distance between the calm sea floor to the ocean floor 

Celerity

Waves speed or how fast it moves (wavelength/ wave period)

A Progressive wave 

Moves through the water column 

Longshore Trasport

The transportation of sand parallel to the coast (when waves hit the coast at an angle perpendicular to the shoreline)

Wave refraction

When waves hit a manmade structure (causes more sediment transportation)

Spilling breaker 

Shallow or gentle slope

Plunging breaker

Moderate beach slope

Surging breaker

Steep slope

Constructive waves

Builds the beach up

Destructive waves

Makes the beach erode

Summer beaches

Builds up beaches

Winter beaches 

Erodes beaches 

Where are the low nutrients located 

At the top

What is the formula for photosynthesis

CO2+H20+nutrients+light—> C6H1206+02

What uses photosynthesis

Used by plants and phytoplankton

What do phytoplankton go through?

Photosynthesis 

What is the formula for respiration (consumes oxygen)

C6H12O6+O2—>H2O+CO2+nutrients+energy

What do zooplankton go through

Respiration

Limitations of Primary Production (Phytoplankton)

Grazing

Light

Nutrients

What does d and l stand for in d/l (multiple length by 2 before dividing )

depth and wavelength

What are the requirements for shallow water

< 0.05 (less than 0.05)

What are the requirements for intermediate water waves

Between 0.05

As you go down

There is more nutrients and less photosynthesis

At the surface the nutrients are

Low in concentration because the light gets through the water column and consumes the nutrients

What were the nutrients in lab 10

Nitrate, Phosphate, Silica, and Ammonium

What equipment did we use in lab 10

Test tubes, Beaker, granulated cylinder and

Plankton (producing)

Its movement is controlled by the tide

What is a Phytoplankton

Primary producer, get eaten by zooplankton

What are Zooplankton(eating)

Get energy from eating phytoplankton and respiration

Why are nutrients depleted at the surface?

Because of the sunlight

What are Diatoms

Use silica for there shell

What are Dinoflagellates 

Red tides and big algal blooms

What are Meroplankton (form of zooplankton)

only plankton for part of their life

What are Holoplankton (form of zooplankton)

They are plankton ALL the time and float with the tides

What causes plankton blooms

An excess in nutrients and sunlight

Where can phytoplankton be found

In the photic zone

Folsom Planton Spliter

External sources of nutrients 

Rivers, runoff and fertilizer 

Epifauna (an example is an Mollusca)

Epi means top, on top of the sediment

Infauna

Inside the sediment (an example is a Mollusca)

Which organism was most abundant in lab 12

Anthropoda

Benthic Grab

Takes a bite out of the seafloor

Trawl Net

There Towing a net along the sea floor

There is a plankton bloom if

Greater than 1,00,000 blooms

Benthic means

Bottom— organisms located on the bottom and they lack spines

Sessile

Stuck in one place

CTD

Conductivity, temperature and depth 

Bonus Question: What is this called

A copepod