Chapter 9- The Mole

Avagadro's Constant

The proportionality factor that relates the number of constituent particles in a sample with the amount of substance in that sample.

Stoichiometry

The relationship between the number of moles of reactant and the number of moles of products in the same chemical reaction.

Concentration

Amount of solute dissolved per unit volume of the solution.

Molecular Formula

The number of atoms of each element in a compound.

Empirical Formula

The simplest ratio of atoms or elements present in a compound.

Theoretical yield

The calculated amount of product that would be obtained if the reaction would be complete with no external factors acting upon it.

Mole

The unit of amount of substance in chemistry, its symbol is mol.

Relative Atomic Mass

The mass of one atom of an element compared to 1/12th of the mass of one Carbon-12 atom.

Relative Molecular Mass

The mass of one molecule of an element/compound compared to 1/12th of the mass of one Carbon-12 atom.

Molar Volume

Volume occupied by 1 mole of gas. At r.t.p, one mole of any gas occupies 24 dm3.

Yield

The amount of product formed in a reaction.

Actual yield

The amount of product formed in a reaction.

Percentage purity

Percentage of the mass of pure substance upon mass of the whole sample.

Limiting reactant

The reactant that determines the amount of product formed because of having fewer moles.

Excess reactant

The leftover reactant after the reaction has stopped.