Chemical bonding review

FYI I didn't include lewis structures

Ionic Bonds

They form when a cation pairs its electrons to anion

Covalent bonds

Shared electrons to make a bond

Metallic bonds

stationary nuclei surrounded by a sea of electrons

Dipole-Dipole bonds

Intermolecular bond created by a polar molecules positive end bonds with a neighboring negative 

London dispersion forces

Created by temporarily uneven distribution of electrons, only bonds that hold non-polar and noble gases

Hydrogen bonding

Hydrogen and highly electronegative elements like N,O,F

Resonance structure

lewis structure where multiple versions are correct

What kind of bond would the following compounds likely have? Solve using electronegativity difference. KBr,SF_6,H₂Se

KBr: 2.14; ionic

SF₆: 1.4; polar covalent 

H₂Se: 0.35; polar covalent

List the diatomic elements

Li₂, F₂,O₂,Br₂,I₂,Cl₂,N₂

List the following compounds in order increasing melting point: H₂O, Elemental Fe, KI, Ne

Ne, H₂O, KI, Elemental Fe 

Why do metallic bonds produce such high electrical conductivity?

The electrons are free to move around and the stationary nuclei allow flow for both the temperature and charge

What is VSEPR theory?

lone pairs occupy space around the atom like bonding electrons do; therefore, the electron pairs maximize distance between them

What’s the molecular geometry and bond angle for BCl₃ (draw it!!)

Trigonal planar; 120 degrees

What’s the molecular geometry and bond angle for AsH₃

Trigonal pyramidal; 107

Hybridization

The mixture of 2 or more atomic orbital of the similar energies on the same atom to produce new hybrid atomic orbitals of equal energy (Ex: carbon’s 2s and 2p orbitals hybridize to form four new orbitals called sp³)

What is sodium and sulfurs ionic compound and formula

Sodium sulfide; Na₂S

What is sodium and the sulfate ion compound and formula

Sodium sulfate; Na₂SO₄

What is potassium and the phosphate ion compound and formula

Tripotassium phosphate K₃PO₄

What is calcium and the phosphate ion compound and formula

Tricalcium phosphate; Ca₃(PO₄)₂

Name the covalent compound: N₂O₅

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Name the covalent bond: PH₃

Phosphorus trihydride (Phosphane)

Name the covalent bond: XeF₄

Xenon tretraflouride