chapter 1 vocabulary

diseases + word parts

anter/o

front

arthr/o

joints

bi/o

life

-ectomy

surgical removal; excision

cardi/o

heart

-emia

blood condition

cervic/o

neck; cervix (neck of uterus)

-gen

substance that produces

-cyte

cell (suffix)

cyt/o

cell

dors/o

back of the body

-algia

pain

gastr/o

stomach

-ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -iac, -ial, -ic, -ical, -ior

pertaining to

later/o

side

poster/o

back (of body); behind

sarc/o

flesh; connective tissue

trans-

across

tachy-

fast

peri-

around; surrounding

brady-

slow

hypo-

below; below normal; deficient

inter-

between

-ia

condition

-ine

a substance (noun); pertaining to (adjective)

-itis

inflammation

-logist

specialist (one who studies)

-logy

study of

-megaly

enlargement

-oma

tumor;mass

-osis

abnormal condition

-pathy

disease (suffix)

-plasty

surgical repair

-stomy

surgical opening

-tomy

process of cutting; incision

bi-

two; both

-um

structure; tissue; thing

endemic

refers to a disease or organism that is regularly found within a specific area or community

epidemic

describes a sudden increase in the occurrence of an infectious disease within a localized community or region

hypersensitivity

an abnormal immune response to an antigen, leading to conditions like allergies or autoimmunity

benign

refers to a mild condition or tumor that does not threaten health or life, especially one that is not cancerous

malignant

describes a tumor or growth that tends to infiltrate, metastasize, and can be life-threatening, as it is cancerous

acute

pertains to a short-term, severe condition or illness.

chronic

refers to a long-lasting, persistent condition or disease.

idiopathic

refers to an illness or disorder without a known cause

iatrogenic

describes an unfavorable response arising from a medical treatment or intervention iatrogenic infections, specifically occur due to medical procedures or treatments

congenital

pertains to conditions or traits present at birth, often due to genetic factors.

genetic

relates to characteristics or conditions influenced by an individual's genes.

endogenous

refers to factors originating within an organism or system.

exogenous

describes factors originating externally, outside the organism or system

caud/o

tail

cephal/o

head

col/o, colon/o

large intestine; colon

cost/o

rib

dist/o

away from the point of origin; far; distant

glyc/o

sugar; glucose

hepat/o

liver

hist/o

tissue

medi/o

middle

my/o

muscle

neur/o

nerves

path/o

disease

proxim/o

near the point of origin; near; close

super/o

above

thorac/o

chest

ventr/o

belly side of body; ventral aspect

viscer/o

internal organs

a-, an-

not; without

ante-

before

anti-

against

endo-

in; within

epi-

on; over; upon

hyper-

above; above normal; excessive

intra-

within; into

sub-

below; under

supra-

above (prefix)

cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

order of organisms