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What is behaviourism?
Explaining how children behave and how they learn behaviours (e.g. turn-taking, sharing → foundation of friendships).
Explains how children learn social norms and behaviours such as sharing, talking, toilet rules
What is operant conditioning?
Children learning behaviour by consequences (reinforcement or punishment).
Encourage/discourage particular behaviours
What is positive reinforcement?
Rewarding good behaviour.
Praise, attention, rewards → encourage pro-social and positive behaviour
What is primary reinforcement?
‘Rewards’ which meet biological needs, and are automatically rewarding//valued (innate).
Food, physical comfort, warmth
What is secondary reinforcement?
Rewards linked to wants, that children learn to be valuable.
Praise, stickers, good grades
What are common examples of positive reinforcement used in an early years settings?
Proud cloud
Sticker charts/reward charts
House points
Stickers
Certificates (star of the week)
Awards
Golden time
Marble jar,, pom-pom pots, rewards