rp11 observations - identification of TM compounds

results silver nitrate test in halide ions

describe test 1(a):

• place approx 10 drops of solution Q in a test tube

• add dilute aq NaOH solution, dropwise and w/ gentle shaking until in XS

• repeat w/ solution R and S

• record initial and final observations

describe test 1(b):

• half fill a 250 cm³ beaker w/ freshly boiled water

• allow the 3 test tubes containing the mixtures from test 1(a) to stand in the beaker of hot water for approx 10 mins

• after 10 minutes has passed - record any observations

describe test 2:

• place approx 10 drops of aq sodium carbonate solution in a test tube

• add approx 10 drops of solution Q and shake the mixture gently

• repeat w/ solution R and S 

• record any initial and final observations

describe test 3:

• place approx 10 drops solution Q in a test tube

• add approx 10 drops silver nitrate and shake mixture gently

• repeat w/ solution R and S

• record any initial and final observations

give the observations for Cu²⁺ w/ NaOH and XS NaOH (OH^-):

• OH^- - light blue ppt

• XS OH^- - insoluble (no change)

give the observations for Cu²⁺ w/ NH₃ and XS NH₃ (NH₃ and OH^-):

• NH₃: light blue ppt

• XS NH₃: dissolves to form a deep blue solution

give the observations for Cu²⁺ with Na₂CO₃ (CO₃^2-):

green-blue ppt

give the observation for Cu²⁺ w/ HCl (Cl^-):

yellow-green solution

give the observations for Fe²⁺ w/ OH^- and XS OH^-:

• OH^-: green ppt (turns brown standing in air as oxidised to Fe³⁺)

• XS OH^-: insoluble (no change)

give the observations for Fe²⁺ w/ NH₃ and XS NH₃ (NH₃ and OH^-): 

NH₃: brown ppt

XS NH₃: insoluble (no change)

give the observation for Fe²⁺ and Na₂CO₃ (CO₃^2-):

green ppt but turns brown standing in air as oxidised to Fe³⁺

give the observation for Fe²⁺ w/ HCl (Cl^-):

no visible change as no reaction occurs

give the observations of Fe³⁺ w/ OH^- and XS OH^-:

• OH^-: brown ppt

• XS OH^-: insoluble (no change) - will only dissolve to a brown soln in conc NaOH

give the observation for Fe³⁺ and NH₃ and XS NH₃ (NH₃ and OH^-):

• NH₃: brown ppt

• XS NH_3: insoluble (no change)

give the observation for Fe³⁺ w/ Na₂CO₃ (CO₃^2-):

• brown ppt

• effervescence of CO₂

give the observation for Fe³⁺ w/ HCl (Cl^-):

no visible change

give the observation for Al³⁺ w/ NaOH and XS NaOH (OH^-): 

• OH^-: white ppt

• XS OH^-: dissolves in XS to form a colourless solution 

give the observation of Al³⁺ w/ NH₃ and w/ XS NH₃ (NH₃ and OH^-):

• NH₃: white ppt 

• XS NH₃: insoluble (no change)

give the observation of Al³⁺ w/ Na₂CO₃ (CO₃^2-):

• white ppt

• effervescence of CO₂

give the observation of Al³⁺ w/ HCl (Cl^-):

no visible change