ch2 vocab a

pH

pH

measurement of acidity; related to free hydrogen ion concentration in solution

solute

substance that dissolves in a solvent and is present at a lower concentration than the solvent

molecule

two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds; not necessarily a compound

covalent bond

chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

element

substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down by chemical means

compound

substance made of atoms of different elements that are bonded together in a particular ratio

cohesion

attraction between molecules of the same substance

adhesion

attraction between molecules of different substances

atom

smallest basic unit of matter

ion

atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons

solvent

substance in which solutes dissolve and that is present in greatest concentration in a solution

ionic bond

chemical bond formed through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions

base

compound that accepts a proton when dissolved in solution

hydrogen bond

attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom

acid

compound that donates a proton when dissolved in a solution

solution

mixture that is consistent throughout; also called a homogeneous mixture