Unit VII Telencephalon and Lamina (Final Exam)

Which lobe is the largest?

Frontal

Which lobe is the smallest?

Occipital

What are the pseudolobes of the telencephalon?

Insula and limbic region

What are the 4 functions of the telencephalon?

1) final integration of neural mechanism

2) initiation center for voluntary action

3) memory and associative memory

4) abstract thinking and emotional response

What is the thickest portion of the cerebral cortex (pallium)? Thinnest?

Precentral gyrus; calcarine sulcus

How many neurons are in the cerebral cortex?

50-60 billion

What are the six common laminae of the neocortex from external to internal?

Molecular (plexiform), external granular, external pyramidal, internal granular, internal pyramidal (ganglionic), multiform (fusiform)

Which lamina is filled with synaptic activity?

Molecular (lamina I)

Which lamina is sometimes called the INTRAcortical association layer? Why?

External granular (lamina II); stays in same cortex area and doesn't reach white matter

Which lamina is sometimes called the INTERcortical association layer? Why?

External pyramidal (lamina III); extend into white matter and return to gray

What is the external pyramidal layer (lamina III) important for?

Memory, associative thinking, imagination

How can the fibers of the external pyramidal layer (lamina III) be described?

Projection, association, commissural

Where do specific afferent fibers originate?

Thalamus

Where do associative afferent fibers originate?

Cerebral cortex

What can lamina II and III be called collectively?

Associative lamina

Which lamina receive thalamic input? Which tracts does it pick up axons from?

Internal granular (lamina IV); Gracilis/cuneatus, spinothalamics

Which lamina is well developed in sensory areas?

Internal granular (lamina IV)

In which lamina can giant pyramidal (Betz) cells be found?

Internal pyramidal (lamina V)

Which tracts extend from the internal pyramidal layer (lamina V)?

Cortico-

Which lamina is the multiform layer (lamina VI) similar to? What are they collectively called?

V; projection laminae