Touch receptors in the skin

Free nerve endings description

Small fibres in the epidermis – SOME attached to hair follicles

Free nerve endings detects

Temperature, pain and itch

Movement and pressure

Light touch (hair follicles)

Tactile discs description

Attach to Merkel cells at the stratum basale

Pathway of blood from the heart to the foot

aortic arch- thoracic aorta- abdominal aorta- common iliac artery- external iliac artery- femoral artery- popliteal artery- posterior tibial artery- plantar arch artery

Drainage pathway from the foot to the heart

Plantar venous arch- posterior tibial vein (deep)- popliteal vein (deep)- (great saphenous vein (superficial))- femoral vein- external iliac vein- common iliac vein- inferior vena cava

What arteries supplies the right side of the heart

Right coronary artery and anterior interventricular artery

What arteries supply the left side of the heart

Left coronary artery, circumflex artery and anterior interventricular artery

What vein drains the right side of the heart

Small cardiac vein

What vein drains the left side of the heart

Great cardiac vein

Tactile discs detects

Objects features – textures and edges

Tactile Corpuscles description

Wrapped by Schwann cells and fibrous capsule found in papillary layer of the dermis

Tactile Corpuscles detects

Light pressure

Low frequency vibration

Fine touch

Lamellar Corpuscles description

Single dendrite wrapped in layers of collagen (deep in the skin)

Lamellar Corpuscles detect

Deep pressure (short duration)

High-frequency vibration

Bulbous Corpuscles description

“Twisted” around collagen fibres that make up the surrounding tissue (deep in the skin)

Bulbous Corpuscles detects

Deep pressure (sustained)

Stretching/distorting of skin

Mean arteriole blood pressure =

cardiac output x total peripheral resistance

Cardiac output =

heart rate x stroke volume

Blood flow (Q)=

change in pressure/ resistance

Compliance=

change in volume/ change in pressure