chem161, practicetest1 review

review on the topics you were struggling with

What electrons are valence electrons?

Its the highest level

Cool trick —>

• there are numbers on the top of the periodic table….

• if element is in the main group the number of valence electrons is the number on top

• if the element is in the transition group the number of valence electrons is the number is 2 + how many electrons are in the lower d orbital

When we remove electrons from an electron do we take from the right orbital

(when in 1s²2s²2p….. form) or do we take from the highest n?

W

e take from the highest n..

when you are doing equations should you double check them on the sheet??

… yes

Can moles represent anything other than atoms

Yes, you can have 6.022 x 10²³ (Avogadro's number) moles of anything because a mole is a unit that counts a specific number of entities, similar to a "dozen" counting 12 things. This number can represent 6.022 x 10²³ atoms, molecules, ions, or even other discrete objects, though it is most useful in chemistry for counting particles like atoms and molecules

How should you solve this question?

• also give me the notation..

• The number (n) (for example, 3) indicates the energy level or shell.

• The letter(L) (s, p, d, f) tells you the shape of the orbital.

• The subscript(M_L) (1, -1, or 0) tells you the orientation of the orbital in space.

• If there’s an arrow in a box diagram, it shows the electron’s spin(M_L) (up or down)