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What type of bangs should a stylist create for a client wanting bangs long enough to be pulled back?
Center swept bangs.
What is a benefit of using the shear-over-comb technique?
It allows for short tapers that go from extremely short length to longer length.
How does texturizing by point cutting differ from effilating?
Point cutting uses the tips of the shears, while effilating uses the blades of the shears.
Which razor texturizing technique creates a softer perimeter on hair?
Free-hand slicing.
Which basic texturizing technique effectively works on curly hair?
Free-hand notching.
How should clippers be used to create a flat top or square shape haircut?
Use the clipper-over-comb technique.
What is a benefit of using length guard attachments on clippers?
They are an easy way to quickly perform a short haircut.
What element is important for a strong foundation in haircutting?
Angles.
What is the term for the direction in which hair grows from the scalp?
Growth pattern.
What happens if the tension in shears is too loose?
It will allow the shears to fold the hair.
Which type of comb is primarily used to detangle the hair?
Wide tooth comb.
What does tension in haircutting refer to?
The amount of pressure applied when combing or holding a subsection.
What is the best way to maintain control of a subsection when cutting with a vertical or diagonal line?
Palm to palm.
What helps to reduce strain on fingers while combing hair?
Palming the shears.
What technique involves gliding fingers and shears along the hair's edge to remove length?
Slide cutting.
What is NOT a reason to study braiding and braid extensions?
Employment laws regarding natural hairstyles are becoming stricter.
What two considerations must be taken during consultations for braiding services?
Identifying hair condition and client desires.
What does alopecia refer to?
Abnormal hair loss.
Which brush is used to stimulate the scalp and remove dirt from locs?
Boar-bristle brush.
What comb type is best for separating wet curly hair?
Double-tooth comb.
What is a hackle in hairstyling?
A board containing fine, upright nails for combing extensions.
What is the best recommendation for standalone extensions for a natural look?
Kanekalon.
Which tool is effective for removing tangles from wet and wavy hair?
Vent brush.
What type of braids does a client want when asking for plaits?
Single braids.
What is the process for creating spiral curls on synthetic single braids?
Wrap the ends with a curling rod and dip in hot water.
What type of braids are created around the head using an inverted braid technique?
Halo braids.
What method integrates extensions into single braids?
Three-strand underhand.
What style showcases mostly faux hair when using extensions?
Tree braids.
What type of brush is effective for releasing tangles in both short and long hair?
Square paddle.
Which blow dryer attachment loosens curls in textured hair?
Comb nozzle.
What durable and soft synthetic fiber is used for hair extensions?
Kanekalon.
What term describes the invisible braid technique?
Inverted technique.
Which braids are also known as canerows?
Cornrows.
What statement about loc extensions is NOT true?
They can only be created with an extension braid wrapped in Afro-textured hair.
What is NOT a reason to study chemical texture services?
Condition of employment for hairstylists.
How do chemical hair relaxers work?
They increase hair's pH to an alkaline state to restructure the cortex.
Which active ingredient causes higher frequency of curl reversion in relaxers?
Sodium hydroxide.
What is true about no-lye relaxers?
They have a lower pH and are suitable for scalp sensitivities.
What process does lanthionization describe?
The permanent straightening of hair by removing bonded sulfur atoms.
How does thio neutralization differ from hydroxide neutralization?
Thio neutralization involves oxidation.
Which treatment should a client who wants to straighten coarse, frizzy hair consider?
Keratin treatment.
Why should metal clips be avoided with relaxer products?
They can cause a chemical reaction.
What item prevents direct contact between the client and the chemical cape?
Neck strips.
Under what condition can a texture service be performed?
Strand analysis indicates low porosity and high elasticity.
What should caution against when a client consumes lots of caffeine?
It increases blood circulation, risking irritation from relaxers.
What condition would lead a cosmetologist to decline relaxer services?
A pins-and-needles sensation on the scalp.
How does a relaxer retouch differ from a virgin relaxer application?
Retouch is used only on new hair growth.
Where should a virgin relaxer be applied first?
The midshaft.
Which perm type is recommended for non-porous hair?
Alkaline/cold wave.
What is the active ingredient in acid waves?
Glycerol monothioglycolate (GMTG).
How do alkaline perms differ from acid perms?
Alkaline perms have a higher pH.
When does most processing for permanent waving occur?
Within 5 to 10 minutes.
What must hair solutions have enough of to perm coarse hair?
Hydrogen ions.
What percentage of disulfide bonds are broken and rebuilt correctly in perms?
50 percent.
Which placement minimizes stress and tension on hair during perms?
Perpendicular to the base.
What prevents fishhooks in perming?
End papers.
What describes proper winding technique on perm rods?
One end paper under and one above the base panel.
How many rods are used in base sections for perm wraps?
One rod; determined by the length and width of the rod.
What chemical process loosens extremely curly hair using thio?
Soft curl permanent.
What type of wrap should be used for uniform curls in thick hair?
Spiral wrap with on-base placement.
Where should bands be placed on perm rods?
On the top.
What should clients do if perm solution drips into their eyes?
Flush the eyes thoroughly with cool water.
Where should protective cream be applied before a perm?
Around hairline, nape, and both ears.
What is NOT a part of a professional perm consultation?
Signing an agreement for follow-up services.
What should clients do to preserve moisture after a soft curl perm?
Wear a processing cap while sleeping.
What is the proper technique for unwinding test curls in perms?
Unwind the curl two or three turns.
What is the main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotions?
Glyceryl monothioglycolate.
What indicates hair is overprocessed?
Too many broken disulfide bonds.
What is the process that stops the permanent wave solution's action?
Thio neutralization.
What do most common neutralizers contain?
Hydrogen peroxide.
What combines thio relaxer use with flat ironing?
Japanese thermal straightening.
What should hydroxide-treated hair NOT be treated with?
Thio relaxers.
What does infection control refer to?
Methods used to reduce pathogen transmission.
What destroys all microbial life?
Sterilization.
What is usually regulated by state agencies rather than federal?
Setting licensing guidelines and enforcing conduct.
What does the EPA regulate in the workplace?
Safe manufacture of chemical products.
What is encouraged for beauty professionals concerning client health?
Refer clients with infections to physicians.
What is essential for preventing infection spread?
Knowing proper procedures.
What defines transmission of disease?
The process by which pathogens move between individuals.
How does the immune system prevent transmission?
It prevents illness.
What is true about direct and indirect transmission?
Direct transmission requires contact; indirect does not.
What is true about diseases spread by both direct and indirect transmission?
Indirect diseases can survive longer away from a host.
How do respiratory droplets differ from airborne transmission?
Respiratory droplets do not stay airborne as long.
What is NOT required of salon disinfectants?
They must be hypoallergenic.
Most bacteria are considered what?
Nonpathogenic.
What is a microorganism?
Any organism of microscopic size.
How many types of bacteria and what are their primary types?
Thousands; two primary types.
What do pathogenic bacteria do?
Cause disease or infection.
What indicates a bacterial infection?
The presence of pus.
What does inflammation NOT indicate?
Pus.
What is true of communicable diseases?
They spread from person to person.
What occurs when doctors diagnose a disease?
They identify its nature.
What is an occupational disease?
Sickness from overexposure to workplace chemicals.
What is not true of staphylococci?
Most strains make us very ill.
What is NOT caused by a virus?
Strep throat.
What type of organism is mildew?
Fungi.
What are disease-causing microorganisms in the body called?
Bloodborne pathogens.
How is HIV primarily spread?
Through blood.
What is one type of parasite in salons?
Pediculosis capitis.
What is NOT true of biofilms?
They are highly susceptible to the body's defenses.
