1.5: chemical and physical properties and changes

change: the act of making something different or undergoing a process that makes something different
physical change: a change during which the identity of the underlying substance does not change * eg. melting, dissolving, boiling
chemical change: a change during which something new is formed
evidence of chemical change * evolution of a gas * change in color * formation of a precipitate * release or absorption of energy * eg. release of heat, light, sound, change of temperature
property: a quality, attribute, or characteristic of something
physical property: a property of matter that can be observed without changing the substance * eg. color, density, conductivity, physical state, solubility
chemical property: a property of matter desccrived as a substance’s ability to participate in chemical reactions; to observe a chemical property, the substance must be changed * eg. reactivity with oxygen, flammability, reactivity with acids
intensive property: a property independent of the amount of material in the sample * eg. density, boiling point, color, fammability, conductivity
extensive property: a property dependent on the amount of material in the sample * eg. mass, volume, energy

mixtures can be separated based on the physical properties of the components in the mixtures
separation methods include: * filtration (separation by size) * distillation (separation by boiling point) * can separate a homogeneous mixture into its components * chromatography (separation by solubility)