FS Ch 6 Fibers Vocab

Fiber

many filaments twisted together; makes yarn threads

Textile

distinctive pattern

Fabric

cloth material weaved or knitted fibers

filament

single strand of thread or fiber

inorganic

not composed of carbon and hydrogen

yarn

continuous strand of fibers twisted

warp

lengthwise thread (vertically)

woof

crosswise thread (horizontally)

Blend

fabric composed of two or more different types of fiber

polymer

many identical repeating units

monomer

simple molecule chemically joined

spinneret

nozzle forces out fibers

polypeptide

biochemical polymer linking amino acids called proteins

Helix

corkscrew, long chain of molecule

Keratin

tough protein polymer; 20 different amino acids

Plastic

will flow under heat and pressure; molded

Viscosity

resistance of a fluid to flow

homopolymer

only one type of repeating unitp

polyether

carbon atoms connected by oxygen atoms

Density

physical property g/cc or g/cm³ ; change with temperature

Becke line

halo-like shadow different refractive index

fluorescence

absorption of light at one wavelength; re-emission at a lower wavelength

Optical brightness

colorless dye causes blue light to be reflected; whiter object

chromatography

separating components or mixtures; preferential absorption.

chromatogram

visual graph; peaks; components of a mixture

elute

separation by means of a solvent

retention factor

ratio characterize and compare in liquid chromatography

olefin

carbon-carbon double bond

sericulture

raising of silk worms

amorphous

without a defined shape; loose arrangment

Crystalline

regular shaped; packed side by sidemin

mineral fiber

crystals; recognizable pattern

natural fiber

fiber produced; harvest from animal

synthetic fiber

man-made substance