Global Interactions Notes

Globalization

Globalization

The growing interdependence of countries worldwide through cross-border transactions in goods, services, and capital flows, as well as the diffusion of technology.

Glocalization

The adaptation of a global product or service to suit the specific needs and preferences of local cultures or localities.

Transnational Corporations (TNCs)

Companies with branches or operations in multiple countries.

Transportation improvements

Enhancements in transportation systems that facilitate the movement of goods, services, and people across different locations.

Freedom of trade

Agreements and organizations that promote the free movement of goods, services, ideas, and labor between member countries.

Improvements in communications

Technological advancements in telecommunication and the Internet that enable the exchange of ideas and services globally.

Cheap labor in developing countries

The availability of low-cost labor in developing nations, often facilitated by technology and outsourcing.

The KOF Index

A measure of globalization that assesses economic, social, and political dimensions of globalization.

A.T Kearney Index

An index that evaluates the global integration of the world's most populous nations using various variables.

Multi-governmental Organizations (MGOs)

Organizations or countries that come together to form a single entity for trading purposes, facilitating the free movement of goods, services, finance, and ideas.

Export-processing zones

Areas where countries have access to goods they cannot produce on their own at lower prices, promoting global interactions and the transfer of skills.

UN Sustainable Development Goals

Criteria established by the United Nations to measure and promote human development, covering various aspects such as poverty, education, health, and climate action.

Human Development Index (HDI)

A measure of human development that considers life expectancy, education, and gross national income per capita.

Gender inequality index (GII)

A measure of gender inequality that assesses reproductive health, empowerment, and economic status.

Cultural diffusion

The spread of cultural traits from one place to another through cultural change processes.

Cultural hybridity

The intermixing of different cultures through migration, media, transportation, global brands, and the internet.

Cultural traits

Characteristics of a culture that give it a sense of identity and differentiate it from others.

Ethnicity

The shared sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group based on ancestral lineage or cultural history.

Cultural diversity

The differences in cultural characteristics within a given culture.

Barriers to global interactions

Factors that hinder or restrict global interactions, such as censorship, migration restrictions, physical barriers, nationalism, and anti-globalization movements.

Geopolitical and Economic Risks

Threats to individuals and businesses, including hacking, identity theft, surveillance implications, and risks to global supply chain flows.

Environmental Risks

Risks related to pollution, carbon footprints, and the impact of global flows on the environment.

Local and Global Resilience

Strategies to build resilience, including rejecting globalization, controlling risks, and implementing mechanisms to manage risks.