Consumer Marketing Exam III (CH 8, 13, & 14)

Consumer Socialization is ______.
a. the providing of children with the skills, knowledge, attitudes and experiences necessary to function as consumers
b. realized when one acts in a way that is similar to those around him or her in order to gain acceptance
c. a source of comparison, influence and norms for consumers' opinions, values and behaviors
d. the introduction of oneself into a consumer group, including primary and secondary membership groups

a. the providing of children with the skills, knowledge, attitudes and experiences necessary to function as consumers

True or False: A reference group serves as a source of comparison, influence and norms for consumers' opinions, values and behaviors.

a. true

True or False: Since influencer marketing comes from sources who have nothing to gain by promoting brands' products and services, it is seen as the "best advertising."

b. false

__________ groups are groups that consumers plan to join in the future and that they have a decent chance of joining due to direct contact with the group.
a. anticipatory aspiration
b. primary aspiration
c. secondary aspiration
d. symbolic aspiration

a. anticipatory aspiration

Which factor affecting a reference group's influence over consumer purchase decisions is displayed by the new sneakers your friends make a point of showing off or the latest gadget you can see your friends using.
a. the group's power and expertise
b. conspicuousness of the product
c. conformity
d. personality characteristics

b. conspicuousness of the product

Which factor affecting a reference group's influence over consumer purchase decisions is displayed by a young corporate sales rep seeks the advice of a friend or imitates the behavior of a more senior sales rep, a member of his reference group, by taking the client to a restaurant that is frequented by executives whom he views as role models.
a. conspicuousness of the product
b. conformity
c. relevant information and expertise
d. the group's power and expertise

c. relevant information and expertise

True or False: Reference groups achieve their power through word of mouth (WOM).

a. true

True or False: There are both primary and secondary membership groups.

a. true

__________ are groups that an individual is unlikely to belong to despite the fact that they may accept and strongly believe in the group's attitudes or closely held beliefs.
a. Symbolic groups
b. Anticipatory groups
c. Dissociative groups
d. Informal reference groups

a. Symbolic groups

True or False: The degree of influence that a reference group exerts on an individual's behavior depends on a number of factors, including the individual, the product choice at hand and social factors.

a. true

Globalization is __________.
a. the process of driving cultural change, often the result of trying to convince consumers to adopt new products and services within an new environment
b. a group identity shaped by shared knowledge, belief, law, morals, customs and many other factors
c. the process of interaction and integration among the people of different cultures
d. the process of understanding the extent to which consumers in multiple markets think and act differently

c. the process of interaction and integration among the people of different cultures

Cross-cultural analysis is __________.
a. the process of interaction and integration among the people of different cultures
b. a group identity shaped by shared knowledge, belief, law, morals, customs and many other factors
c. the process of understanding the extent to which consumers in multiple markets think and act differently
d. the process of driving cultural change, often the result of trying to convince consumers to adopt new products and services within an new environment

c. the process of understanding the extent to which consumers in multiple markets think and act differently

Acculturation is __________.
a. a group identity shaped by shared knowledge, belief, law, morals, customs and many other factors
b. the process of interaction and integration among the people of different cultures
c. the process of understanding the extent to which consumers in multiple markets think and act differently
d. the process of driving cultural change, often the result of trying to convince consumers to adopt new products and services within an new environment

d. the process of driving cultural change, often the result of trying to convince consumers to adopt new products and services within an new environment

True or False: Consumers sometimes mistrust or resent international brands, seeing them as hurtful to the local culture.

a. true

__________ is a group identity shaped by shared knowledge, belief, law, morals, customs and many other factors, an all-encompassing, comprehensive concept that pervades all aspects of consumer behavior.
a. community
b. perception
c. sociality
d. culture

d. culture

True or False: Culture impacts biological needs (e.g., the need to eat, the need for shelter, etc.).

b. false

Which of the following is presented in the chapter as an option for marketers to choose from based on their decisions to customize products and/or communications strategies for international markets?
a. leaving the product unchanged but customizing the communications strategy
b. all of these are presented in the chapter as options for marketers
c. changing the product itself but leaving its communications strategy unchanged
d. customizing both the product and its marketing communications approach for each market

b. all of these are presented in the chapter as options for marketers

True or False: In consumer behavior terms, cross-cultural analysis means understanding the extent to which consumers in multiple markets think and act differently.

a. true

True or False: In markets where interdependence is more important than independence, marketers may choose to focus their communications on messages that portray individual achievement.

b. false

True or False: Cultures provide boundaries that tend to impact consumer behavior.

a. true

True or False: Google Shopping is a service that allows users to search for products online and compare prices among various vendors.

a. true

As a result of __________, companies could demonstrate they truly understood consumer needs because advertisers could serve up ads based on consumers' browsing patterns, making ads truly relevant to consumers.
a. forecasting
b. scaling
c. rebranding
d. remarketing

d. remarketing

True or False: Since the 1960s, no marketplace trends have had as significant an impact on the variables of the 4 P's marketing mix as globalization.

b. false

True or False: Almost every industry is shifting from physical product development to technology product development.

a. true

Edmund Jerome McCarthy's definition of __________ was traditionally referred to as a product's distribution strategy.
a. product
b. place
c. promotion
d. price

b. place

That consumers can purchase from a fragmented distribution landscape involving sites the marketer has no control over is a condition of this element of the 4 P's marketing mix.
a. price
b. product
c. place
d. promotion

c. place

As business students, it's important to add a fifth "P" to McCarthy's marketing mix: "__________."
a. practice
b. publicity
c. people
d. performance

c. people

According to the chapter, this is a strategy that can be quite effective for lower involvement products where service and other aspects of the marketing mix have less importance.
a. allowing product customization
b. providing long-term warranties
c. offering incentives for positive online reviews
d. matching prices for items customers find online

d. matching prices for items customers find online

True or False: In addition to investing in huge call centers, smart marketers are using AI-driven chatbots to meet consumer needs while reaping significant cost savings.

b. false

True or False: As consumer preferences shift, the demand for marketers focused on product innovation has shifted to demand for technology product managers.

a. true