DT - Unit 4

One-off production

A single product or unit is made. Suitable for prototypes and when a product is designed for a client with specific needs

Batch production

More than one unit is produced at a time in a set or batch e.g. newspapers. patterns, templates or jigs are used to increase efficiency. Production lines are flexible and generally have shorter lead times.

CNC machines (Computer Numerical Control)

They are CAD / CAM machines and are often used in batch production

Mass production

Made in large volumes in factories with a high level of automation. High set-up costs and low unit costs.

Set-up costs

More automation in a production line, the higher the set-up costs will be

Continuous production

Run non-stop 24/7, manufacturing products to meet a constant demand

Six Rs

1. Refuse

2. Rethink

3. Reduce

4. Reuse

5. Recycle

6. Repair

Primary recycling

Reusing without modification

Secondary recycling

Modifying a product for a different purpose

Tertiary recycling

Reprocessing material from a product

Upcycling

Reuse something to create a product of higher quality or value than the original.

Carbon footprint

The amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the actions of an individual organisation or community

Consumer society

A society in which the buying and selling of goods is the most important social and economic activity

Mining

The process or industry of obtaining coal or other minerals from a mine.

Drilling

The process of boring a hole, often thousands of feet deep, into the Earth's surface using a specialized drilling rig to access underground oil and natural gas reservoir

Deforestation

The action of clearing a wide area of trees.

Farming

The activity or business of growing crops and raising livestock.

Product miles

The distance travelled by a product, from raw material source to manufacturer, to user and on to final disposal

Oceanic pollution

The pollution of waterways and oceans caused by the mismanagment of toxic by-products

Social footprint

This measures how far a company’s policies affect all stakeholders in the company, as well as wider society

Safe working conditions

Government set rules that outline safe working conditions for employees as well as the minimum wage

Folding and bending

Reshaping or changing the structure of a material can reinforce it

Strengthening and enhancing

Parts of a product or form might be made thicker, or have ribs, gussets or fillets added. Materials can be combined to reinforce each other, increase toughness and durability, as well as safety

Reinforcing

Strengthen or support (an object or substance), especially with additional material.

Static load

A force applied gradually to an object or structure that remains constant, stable, and does not move over time, such as weight, pressure, or tension

Dynamic load

Any force or weight applied to a structure or machine that changes over time, including moving parts, vibrations, or wind

Tension

The state of being stretched tight.

Compression

Decrease in volume of any object or substance resulting from applied stress

Torsion

The action of twisting or the state of being twisted

Bending

Shape or force (something straight) into a curve or angle.

Shear

Forces acting in opposite directions on a material, causing internal sliding failure or deformation