Chemistry Unit 7: Measurements Study Guide

density

density

Mass per unit volume of matter

density equation

d = m/V

density of water

max = 1.0 g/mL at 4 degrees Celsius

heat

amount of energy that a material contains; depends on the quantity of material

temperature

measure of the degree of "hotness" of a material; does not depend on the quantity of material

Celsius to Fehrenheit

multiply by 9/5 and add 32

Fahrenheit to Celsius

subtract 32 and multiply by 5/9

Celsius to Kelvin

add 273

precision

degree of reproducibility of a measurement. (repeat measurements several times and get the same value each time)

accuracy

degree to which a measurement represents the true value of what is measured

systematic error

produces values that are either all higher or all lower than the actual value

random error

produces some values that are higher and some values that are lower than the actual value

percentage error

((absolute value of (Measured Value minus True Value)) divided by True Value) times 100

dimensional analysis

(information given)(conversion factor) = information sought

SI Unit of Length

Meter (m)

SI Unit of Mass

Kilogram (kg)

SI Unit of Time

Second (s)

SI Unit of Electrical Current

Ampere (A)

SI Unit of Temperature

Kelvin (K)

SI Unit of Amount of Substance

Mole (mol)

SI Unit of Luminous Intensity

Candela (cd)

how many units in 1 mega (M) unit

10^6 units

how many units in 1 kilo (k) unit

1000 units

10 deci (d) unit

how many deci units in 1 unit

100 centi (c) unit

how many centi units in 1 unit

1000 milli (m) unit

how many milli units in 1 unit

10^6 micro (μ) unit

how many micro units in 1 unit

10^9 nano (n) unit

how many nano units in 1 unit

10^12 pico (p) unit

how many pico units in 1 unit

2.54 cm

how many cm in 1 in

10 mm

how many mm in 1 cm

454 g

how many g in 1 lb

1.06 qt

how many qt in 1 L

1 mL

how many mL in 1 cm^3 and 1 cc

1 L

how many L in 1 dm^3

How to determine # of sigfigs in the answer when multiplying/dividing

# of sigfigs in the number with less sigfigs

Rules for sigfigs when adding/subtracting

same exponents; same amount of digits to the right of the decimal point