Introduction to Matter and Atomic Theory

These flashcards cover the foundational concepts related to matter, atoms, elements, and chemical bonds as introduced in the lecture.

Matter

Anything that takes up space or has mass.

Periodic Table

A table that displays all known chemical elements organized by their atomic number.

Elements

Substances that are in their simplest form and cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Atomic Number

The unique number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.

Isotope

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

Molecule

A group of two or more atoms bonded together.

Compound

A substance formed when two or more different types of atoms chemically bond together.

Ionic Bond

A type of chemical bond that involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Covalent Bond

A chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.

Electronegativity

A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Hydrogen Bond

A weak bond between two molecules or parts of a molecule resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.

Van der Waals Forces

Weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from localized Charged particles.