A-Level History: Britain

What did the Liberals do in 1906?

Implemented state pensions, unemployment relief, beginnings of state

What was there growing unrest about under the Liberal government before the war?

Ireland, women's suffrage, trade unions

Why wasn't David Lloyd George popular with a lot of Liberals?

Too close to Conservatives, campaigned against the Liberals who opposed him

What did the Labour party evolve from?

Labour Representation Committee of the Trade Union Congress

How many members and MP's did Labour have in 1906?

1 million members, 29 MP's

How many MP's did Labour have in 1911?

40 MP's

What did the Liberal government do in 1911 that allowed the working class to be MP's?

Allowed wages for MP's

When was the Representation of the People Act passed?

1918

What was the Representation of the People Act?

Women aged 30+ could vote, all men aged 21+ could vote

Who were the Conservatives associated with in the 19th century?

Landed gentry

What percentage of all adults voted in the 1910 elections?

30%

What percentage of all adults voted in the 1918

78%

When was it agreed that MP's could get wages too?

1911

Who became prime minister in 1916?

David Lloyd George

How many knighthoods did David Lloyd George sell in 1922?

1500

Who led the first Labour government in 1924?

Ramsay MacDonald

What was 1924 Housing (Financial Provisions) Act?

Increased money for local authorities to build houses for workers

Who dropped charges for a socialist newspaper for encouraging mutiny in 1924?

Attorney General Sir Patrick Hastings

What was the socialist paper called which in 1924 was accused of encouraging mutiny?

Worker's Weekly

What did the 1927 amendment to the 1906 Trade Disputes Act do? (to damage Labour)

Stopped political levy being from trade unions being passed on to Labour

How many chose to opt out of Labour after the political levy was changed in 1927?

1/3

How many slum houses were cleared by the 1930 Housing Act?

3/4 million

What did the 1930 Coal Mines Act aim for?

Better pay for workers

How much government funding was given under the Unemployment Insurance Act? (gave government power to use public work to tackle unemployment)

£25 million

What percentage of unemployment assistance did the government propose to cut after the pound dropped in 1931?

10% cut to unemployment assistance

What amount of trade with the Allies was there in 1914?

$825 million

What amount of trade with the Allies was there in 1916?

$3.2 billion

What percentage of of British Merchant Shipping did the German U

boat sink?

How much money did Britain borrow for the last 2 years of WW1?

£850 million

When did Britain abandon the Gold Standard?

1914

What is the optimum inflation rate?

1

What percentage had inflation increased to by 1918?

25%

How many men had Britain lost in WW1?

3/4 million

When was the Ministry of Reconstruction set up?

1916

When was the Government of Ireland Act?

1920

What proportion of students from Oxbridge were killed in WW1?

1 in 5

How many new houses did the Addison Act aim to build?

800,000

What percentage of the working adult population was unemployed in 1920?

12%

How much did the government cut spending by 1918

1920? (%)

How much did interest rates increase to for the Bank of England in 1920/21? (%)

7%

What length working day did Lloyd George create to prevent a general strike in 1919?

8

Who did Lloyd George appoint in 1932 to sort out spending cuts?

Sir Edgar Geddes

How much was cut in the 1922

1923 budget?

When was the Trade Union Act which made trade unions legal?

1871

How many strikes were there in 1917 involving how many workers?

48 strikes involving 200,000 workers

When was the Red Clydeside strike?

31st January 1919

How many workers demonstrated at the Red Clydeside strike?

900,000

What did people want to do that led to the Red Clydeside strike?

Reduce working week from 54 to 40 hours

How many members did the Miners Federation of Great Britain have in the 1920s?

900,000 members

When did government control of the mines end?

1921

What was the name of the dock worker's union that was going to be involved in the 1921 miners strike?

National Transport Workers Federation

What was the name of the union of the railwaymen that was going to be involved in the 1921 miners strike?

National Union of Railwaymen

Why did the National Transport Workers Federation and the National Union of Railwaymen pull out of the 1921 miners strike?

They weren't allowed to be part of negotiations

Why couldn't the miners beat the mine owners in the 1921 miners strike after the railwaymen and dock workers withdrew their support?

Coal could still be imported

When did the 1921 miners strike begin?

15th April 1921

When did the 1921 miners strike end/

28th June 1921

When did miners go on strike in 1926?

3rd May 1926

Which 1926 government enquiry into miners pay suggested a 13.5% pay cut?

Samuel Commission

How much did the 1926 Samuel Commission suggest miners pay was cut by? (%)

13.5%

What was the name of the anti-union group of volunteers did the work that strikers refused to 1926?

union group of volunteers did the work that strikers refused to 1926?

What did the new 1927 Trades Disputes Act stop? (2 things)

Sympathetic striking and mass picketing

Which monarch urged Ramsay MacDonald to form the National Government?

King George V

When was the National Government formed?

1931

What year did Hitler start breaking the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

1935

Which African country did Mussolini want to take?

Ethiopia

Which area did Hitler re

arm in 1936 in direct rebellion to the Treaty of Versailles?

Which monarch had an affair with a divorced American woman in 1937?

King Edward VIII

What was the name of the American divorcee with which King Edward VIII had an affair in 1937?

Mrs Wallace Simpson

When was the Special Areas Act passed?

1934

What was the Special Areas Act?

Funding given to areas that need special assistance

How many families lived in poor housing in the 1930s?

1 million

What 3 medical conditions that come from malnourishment were prevalent in the 1930s?

Rickets, pneumonia, bronchitis

How much money did a semi

detached house cost in the 1930s?

How many houses were built in the 1930s?

3 million

How much did a motor car cost in the 1930s?

£100

What did the government set up during WW2 to make workers do certain jobs?

Essential Work Orders

How many men had been called up to service by 1945?

5.5 million

When was the Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts set up?

1940

What was the Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts set up to do?

Support theatre and music tours over the country

At what point in WW2 were Britain's gold reserves spent?

December 1940

What was the Lend

Lease Agreement?

Which agreement gave Britain credit to buy supplies from America during WW2?

Lend

What did the American Neutrality Act do?

Let Britain buy supplies with money

What was the name of American ships during WW2 that brought Britain coal, oil, etc?

'Liberty Ships'

What's the name of the economist who wanted to give Britain a loan that they wouldn't have to pay back?

John Maynard Keynes

What did John Maynard Keynes want to do?

Wanted to give Britain a loan that they didn't have to pay back

When was the Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts set up?

1940

What was the 1940 council that supported theatre and music tours around Britain?

Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts

Which 1939 Act made workers do certain jobs

Control of Employment Act

How were the 'Bevin Boys' selected?

2 men picked randomly every month

What was the name of the men randomly selected to do mining during WW2 instead of fighting?

The 'Bevin Boys'

Who were the 'Bevin Boys' named after?

Ernest Bevin

What job did Ernest Bevin do during the war?

Minister for labour

When did miners go on strike in Betteshanger, Kent?

1942

Where did miners go on strike in 1942?

Betteshanger, Kent

How many Welsh miners went on strike in 1944?

100,000

When was the House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Act get passed?

1949

Which act was passed in 1949 that reduced Labour safe seats?

House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Act

What impact did the 1949 House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Act have on the Labour party?

Reduced Labour safe seats

Which Labour minister died in 1951?

Ernest Bevin