gases chem unit 4

Down

Pressure and volume are inversely related meaning if pressure goes up volume goes _____

Directly

Volume and temperature are _____ proportional so if volume decreases, temperature decreases too

Down

Pressure and temperature are directly proportional meaning if pressure goes down, temperature goes ____

Higher speed/velocity and lighter molar mass

Lower curve towards the right indicates

Slower speed and heavier molar mass

Higher curves shifted left indicate

Increases

As molar mass decreases, average speed

Increases

As temperature increases, average speed of particles

Lower

Higher curves shifted left indicate a ____ temperature

Higher

Lower curves shifted right indicate a ____ temperature

It acts more differently from an ideal gas-greater intermolecular forces than an ideal gas

If something deviates more from an ideal gas that means

Lead to a lower measured pressure than the ideal gas law predicts

A gas that is NOT an ideal gas/intermolecular forces dominate will

Measured pressure will be closer to what the ideal gas law predicts

If high temperature dominates,

High, low

Ideal gases behave most ideally at ____ temperatures and _____ pressures

Low, high

Element gases behave LEAST like an ideal gas(deviation) at _____ temperatures and ____ pressures

No effect it stays the same

Volume is changed from 4L to 1L and temperature is held constant. What effect does the volume and pressure have the average kinetic energy?

5L of CO2 and 10L of H2O

CH4 (g) + 2O2,(g) → CO2(g) + 2H20(g)

If you start with 10.0 Lof O2, gas, how many liters of CO, and H,0 gas will be produced, assuming the reaction goes to completion and all gases are measured at the same temperature and pressure?

30L

N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g)

If you begin with 15.0 liters of N₂ gas, how many liters of NH₃ gas will be produced, assuming the reaction proceeds to completion and all gases are measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure

8L

2CO(g) + O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g)

If you start with 8 liters of CO and excess O₂, how many liters of CO₂ will be produced, assuming the reaction goes to completion and all gases are measured under the same conditions?

7L

2CO(g) + O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g)

If you have 7 liters of CO, how many liters of CO₂ will be produced if the reaction goes to completion?

Pressure will increase because more molecules means more can hit the wall

If you have a gas in a container (rigid), and then you add the same mass of another gas to the same container. What happens to the pressure if the temperature is constant?

6.00atm

A mixture of 12.04 x 10²³ molecules of CH₄(g) and 4.00 x 10²³ molecules of He(g) has a total pressure of 9.00 atm. What is the partial pressure of CH₄(g)?

(A) 1.00 atm

(B) 2.00 atm

(C) 6.00 atm

(D) 8.00 atm

Container 4

Four samples of gases are at 300 K in identical rigid metal containers under the conditions given in the table below.

| Container | Gas | Pressure (atm) | Mass of sample (g) |

|---|---|---|---|

| 1 | CH₄ | 2.00 | 8 |

| 2 | N₂ | 2.00 | 28 |

| 3 | O₂ | 2.00 | 32 |

| 4 | He | 2.00 | 2 |

Under the conditions given, the average speed of the gas particles is:

(A) greatest in container 1

(B) greatest in container 2

(C) greatest in container 3

(D) greatest in container 4

Faster

According to effusion, the lighter the gas the ____ it will leak out of the container

Slower

According to effusion, the heavier the gas the ____ it will leak out of the container

Faster they will mix

According to diffusion, the lighter an acid or base weighs, the _____

HCl and KOH

A common chemistry demonstration involves observing the diffusion of gases in a glass tube. Cotton swabs soaked in an acid and a base are placed at opposite ends of the tube. As the gases volatilize and meet, they react to form a solid precipitate. Which combination of acid and base will result in the solid forming closest to the BASE?

(A) HBr and KOH

(B) HCl and KOH

(C) HBr and LiOH

(D) HCl and LiOH

Slowest

Whenever you get a question on acid and base, whatever one they want it closest to is gonna be the one that you want to be the _____

HBr and NaOH

Which combination of acid and base will result in the solid forming closest to the ACID?

* (A) HF and RbOH

* (B) HBr and NaOH

* (C) HF and NaOH

* (D) HBr and RbOH

M=m/n

(molar mass) formula

As temperature lowers, the avg kinetic energy of the PARTICLES lowers, meaning they will be hitting the sides of the container with less force/not as often.

Why would lowering the temperature of a gas cause the pressure to decrease in the container?