PE - Movement Analysis

First class lever practical example

Heading a football

Second class lever practical example

When taking off for a jump

Third class lever practical example

Upwards phase of bicep curl

What is the fulcrum in first class levers?

Neck

What is the load in second class levers?

Ankle

What is the effort in third class levers?

Biceps

Mechanical advantage

When the effort arm is longer than the resistance arm

What is a plane?

An imaginary, flat surface

Planes and axis acronym

Sally Turns Facing Forwards Towards London

Frontal Plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into front and back (F for front)

Sagittal Plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left (S for side to side)

Transverse Plane

A horizontal plane that divides the body into a top half and bottom half (T for tummy)

Movements in frontal plane

Abduction and adduction

Movements in sagittal plane

Flexion and extension

Movements in transverse plane

Rotation

Practical example of frontal plane

Cartwheel

Practical example of sagittal plane

Somersault

Practical example of transverse plane

Hip rotation in a golf swing

What is an axis?

A straight line which an object rotates around - all movements rotate around an axis

Frontal Axis

Runs through the body from back to front

Transverse Axis

Runs through the body horizontally from left to right

Longitudinal Axis

Runs through the body from top to bottom

Practical example of axes

Same as planes

What is a lever?

A rigid structure (bone in the body) that turns around a fixed point (fulcrum) to help move a load with an applied effort (muscle force)

What is a fulcrum?

Joints act as fulcrum

What is effort?

Force applied as effort by a muscle or group of muscles

What is a load?

Often the weight of the body parts that are moved