MUSIC THEORY GANGGNNGNGNGGGG

STUDY Tis For A 5

3rd inversion

The 7th of chord is in the bass

Abrupt Modulation

sudden change in key with no pivot chord

Accelerando

gradually speed up

Accent

a loud stress on a note

Accidental

changes the diatonic note to a sharp, flat or natural

Adagio

slow tempo bewteen Largo and Andante

Aeolian

Mode built on the 6th degree of a Major scale (same as natural minor)

Agogic accent

no symbol. It is an emphasis on a note that is caused by where the note falls in the rhythm (like if its syncopated)

Alberti Bass

used in classical piano pieces in the left hand when it plays 1535

Allegretto

a little allegro

Allegro

fast in music(happy in Italian)

anacrusis

a pick-up note(s)

Andante

slow/walking pace(going in Italian)

Anticipation

a non-chord tone that anticipates the next note a little early

Appoggiatura

a non-chord tone approached by leap on a strong beat or part of the beat and resolved by step (usually in opposite direction)

arco

opposite of pizzicato, it means use the bow

Arpeggiated 6/4

Used with I,IV and V chords only, the 6/4 chord is part of a series of arpeggiations of the same chord

Arpeggio

chord played one note at a time

Augmentation

note values of a motive are increased (often doubled) making the motive slower

Augmented

The 5th of the triad is raised/ there are 2 M3rds making the triad

Authentic

V - I

Auxiliary 6/4

Used with I,IV and V chords only, the 6/4 chord has the same bass note as the chords on either side of it

Binary

AB

Cadential 6/4

Used with I,IV and V chords only, the 6/4 chord is a I 6/4 going to a V 5/3 at the cadence

Canon

like a round but generally longer and more complicated

Changing tones/Neighbor group

non-chord tones that are both an upper and lower neighbor between two "home" notes

Chordal homophony

it has harmony but all voices move together

Chromatic

scale with every note, all half steps

Circle of fifths

chords often move in this order, you can also use this to find key signatures

Common Chord Modulation

changing from one key to another by using a pivot chord

Compound Interval

an interval that is more than an octave

Consonance

pleasant, does not need resolution

Contrapuntal

using counterpoint (note against note) It is how melodies interact with each other (like in polyphony)

Contrary Motion

opposite directions

Contrasting Period

a set of two phrases that begin differently

Cosequetive fifths/octaves

octaves or fifths between 2 adjacent voices that aren't parallel but still discouraged

Cross relation

ti goes to do , but not in the same voice

Deceptive

V to VI

Diatonic

in the key

Diminished

The 3rd & 5th of triad are lowered/ there are 2 m3rds making the triad

Diminution

note values of a motive are decreased (often in half) making the motive faster

Dissonance

unpleasant, dischord, needs resolution

Dominant

V

Dominant Seventh

Major triad with minor seventh

Dorian

Mode built on 2nd degree of a Major scale (minor with a Raised 6th)

Duplet

Whenyou are in compund meter and the beat is divided in 2 equal parts

Dynamic accent

represented by a small greater than sign. It is an emphasis on a note

Enharmonic Modulation

Change in key where pivot chord is respelled in order to be used in both keys

Escape tone

a non-chord tone approached by step, resolved by leap (usually in opposite direction)

Forte (f)

loud(strong)

Fortepiano (fp)

Loud and then immediately soft

Fortissimo (ff)

even louder that forte

Fully-diminished seventh

diminished triad with diminished seventh

Glissando

sliding up or down form one note to another

Grave

so slow you are in the grave!

Half Cadence

anything-V (often ii-V)

Half step

the amount of space between 2 adjacent notes on the piano keyboard

Half-diminished seventh

diminished triad with minor seventh

Harmonic minor

Natural minor with raised 7th

Harmonic rhythm

The rate at which chords change

Hemiola

a feeling of 2 in 3 or of 3 in 2 or 4

Heterophony

monophony with some embellishment

Hidden/direct octaves

When you leap to an octave or fifth in the soprano and bass

Homophony (Melody with Accompaniment)

This is what the majority of music is

Imperfect authentic

V-I not in root position (without ti-do in soprano voice)

Improvisation

making up music on the spot that goes with the chords

Interval inversion

when you trun an interval upside down - a M3 becomes a m6

Ionian

Mode built on 1st degree of a Major scale(same as Major)

Largo

taking it slow down in the Florida keys

Leading tone

vii

Legato

connected(long)

Lento

slowly (like lent in French)

Locrian

Mode built on the 7th degree of a Major scale (minor with a lowered 2nd and 5th)

Lydian

Mode built on the 4th degree of a Major scale (Major with raised 4th)

Major

All notes are diatonic to the key of the root/ M3 with m3 on top

Major scale

WW 1/2 WWW 1/2

Major seventh

Major triad with Major seventh

Marcato

a short loud stress on a note

Mediant

iii

Melismatic

multiple notes per syllable of text

Melodic minor

Natural minor with raised 6 & 7 ascending and then returned when descending

Mezzo forte (mf)

nedium loud

Mezzo piano (mp)

medium soft

Minor

The 3rd has been lowered/ ms with M3 on top

Minor seventh

minor triad with minor seventh

Mixolydian

Mode built on the 4th degree of a Major scale (Major with lowered 7th)

Moderato

moderate spped

Modulation

changing from one key to another

Monophony

one melody, no harmony

Motive

short musical idea (rhythmic, melodic or both)

Natural minor

Take the key sig of the relative major and write each pitch class

Neighbor tone (upper & lower)

a non-chord tone that steps up or down one note and then returns home

Oblique Motion

one stays the same, the other goes up or down

Ostinato

a continuously repeated pattern usually in the bass

Parallel Motion

//

Parallel Period

a set of two phrases that begin the same

Passing 6/4

Used with I,IV and V chords only, the 6/4 chord passes between two other chords stepwise in the bass

Passing tone

a non-chord tone that passes stepwise between 2 chord tones

Pedal point

a non-chord tone sustained (usually in the bass) that doesn't effect the harmony

Pentatonic scale

5 note scale that fits the pattern of the black notes on piano